Raws li "lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab" ntawm tag nrho lub TV ntse, lub mainboard sib xyaw ua ke cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li cov chips tswj tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv khaws cia, cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit Board (PCBs), thiab cov khoom tsis ua haujlwm. Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi ntawm nws cov khoom siv raw ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau tus nqi dynamics ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam TV. Txij thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2024 txog 2025, cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb rau cov TV ntse mainboards tau nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev nce nqi: tus nqi yuav khoom ntawm 4GB DDR4 modules nce 18% xyoo-rau-xyoo, tus nqi chav tsev ntawm 32GB eMMC flash memory nce ntau dua 15%, thiab tus nqi ntawm tooj liab-clad laminates, high-end capacitors thiab lwm yam khoom kuj txuas ntxiv nce, coj kev nyuaj siab rau cov tuam txhab tsim mainboard thiabcov lag luamQhov kev nce nqi no tsis yog los ntawm ib qho xwb, tab sis los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau lub zog xws li cov qauv kev muab khoom thiab kev thov khoom, kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis, thiab kev hloov kho cov khoom siv.
I. Kev tsis sib npaug ntawm Kev Muab Khoom thiab Kev Xav Tau ntawm Cov Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb, nrog rau Kev Cia Khoom thiab Cov Cheebtsam Tsis Siv Neeg Ua rau Tus Nqi Nce Siab
Raws li "lub chaw nco" ntawm lub mainboard, cov khoom siv khaws cia muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha tshaj plaws rau cov nqi los ntawm lawv cov nqi hloov pauv. DDR nco thiab eMMC embedded flash nco suav rau 12% -18% ntawm cov nqi khoom siv mainboard. Kev lag luam cia khoom thoob ntiaj teb yog nyob rau hauv cov tuam txhab ua lag luam xws li Samsung, SK Hynix, thiab Micron, thiab lawv cov kev hloov kho peev xwm tsim khoom ncaj qha tswj hwm tus nqi sib txawv. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2024, cov chaw tsim khoom cia khoom loj tau siv kev txiav ntau lawm los zom cov khoom muag siab dhau los, ua rau muaj kev nruj ntawm kev muab khoom ntawm NAND Flash thiab DRAM wafers, uas thawb tus nqi ntawm cov chips cia kom nce ntxiv txij li lub quarter thib plaub ntawm xyoo 2024. RauCov lag luam TVnrog rau qhov ntim khoom xa tuaj txhua xyoo ntau dua 5 lab units, qhov nce nqi ntawm kev khaws cia ib leeg xav tau tus nqi ntxiv txhua xyoo ntawm 5-6 lab daus las Asmeskas.
Cov khoom siv passive component qhia txog kev nce nqi ntawm cov qauv ntawm "kev tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom lag luam siab thiab cov khoom seem ntawm nruab nrab mus rau qis". Cov khoom xws li MLCC (multi-layer ceramic chip capacitors) thiab tantalum capacitors xav tau raucov TV ntse mainboardstab tom ntsib kev thov los ntawm AI servers thiab cov tsheb fais fab tshiab. Kev siv MLCC ntawm ib lub AI server yog ob npaug ntawm lub server ib txwm muaj, thiab kev siv tantalum capacitor yog yim npaug. Kev siv MLCC rau ib lub tsheb fais fab tshiab tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 6,000 daim rau cov tsheb roj ib txwm muaj mus rau 18,000 daim. Kev thov loj heev txuas ntxiv mus ua rau lub peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom rau cov mainboards hloov pauv. Ua ke nrog qhov tseeb tias lub peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv passive siab kawg yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb xws li Murata thiab Yageo, thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom hauv tsev nce qeeb qeeb, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev muab khoom thiab kev thov txuas ntxiv nthuav dav, tsav tus nqi ntawm MLCC qib tsheb kom nce ntxiv 8% -12% tag nrho, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov capacitors tantalum muaj peev xwm siab kom nce ntxiv 20% -30%.
II. PCB Kev Lag Luam Saw Nyob Hauv Qab Kev Nyuaj Siab Ntawm Tus Nqi, Ob Qhov Kev Txwv Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Raw Thiab Lub Peev Xwm Tsim Khoom
Raws li "lub moj khaum" ntawm lub mainboard, qhov nce nqi ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit Board (PCBs) feem ntau yog tsav los ntawm ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom nce nqi thiab qhov tsis txaus ntawm lub peev xwm tsim khoom. Tooj liab suav txog li 30% ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov ntawv tooj liab-clad, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm PCBs. Txij xyoo 2023 txog 2025, tus nqi tooj liab thoob ntiaj teb tseem nyob rau theem siab keeb kwm, txhawb nqa ncaj qha rau tus nqi nce ntawm cov ntawv tooj liab-clad. Tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam xws li daim ntaub iav fiber thiab epoxy resin nce synchronously: tus nqi ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob nce 800 yuan ib tuj, thiab tus nqi ntawm daim ntaub hluav taws xob nce 0.3 yuan ib 'meter', ntxiv thawb tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov ntawv tooj liab-clad.
Qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov qauv tsim khoom ntawm sab kev tsim khoom tau ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab rau kev nce nqi. Qhov kev thov muaj zog rau cov ntawv ci tooj liab hauv kev lag luam tsheb fais fab tshiab tau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj ntawm cov ntawv ci tooj liab PCB. Kev tsim cov ntawv ci tooj liab electrolytic tshiab yuav siv sijhawm 2-3 xyoos los ua haujlwm, tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev muab khoom mus sij hawm ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tuam txhab laminate tooj liab txawv teb chaws tab tom ua kom lawv hloov mus rau cov khoom lag luam siab, thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov peev xwm tsim khoom nruab nrab mus rau qis tseem poob qis, ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev muab khoom thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov ntawv laminate tooj liab nruab nrab mus rau qis. Cov TV ntse hauv tsev feem ntau siv cov ntawv laminate tooj liab nruab nrab mus rau qis, uas ncaj qha ntsib qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib tw ntawm kev muab khoom thiab kev nce nqi. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias tus nqi yuav khoom ntawm cov ntawv laminate tooj liab tau nce siab heev hauv ib nrab xyoo 2025, nrog rau qee qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb nce ntau dua 12%.