Ngokwengqungquthela yonyaka yabezindaba ye-German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers' Association (ZVEI), emva kweminyaka emithathu yokuma nokuwa, imboni yombane neyedijithali yaseJamani kulindeleke ukuba iqalise ukukhula okokuqala ngo-2026, kunye nemveliso yokwenyani elindeleke ukuba inyuke nge-2% unyaka nonyaka, iphelisa ukuhla okuqhubekayo kwemboni kwaye imboni iyonke izinzile. Olu hlaziyo aluyongozi, kodwa lusiphumo sohlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo lwesicwangciso, utyalo-mali olongezelelekileyo kwi-R&D yetekhnoloji, kunye nolwakhiwo lwemveliso oluphuculweyo ngamashishini emveliso. Ukujonga emva kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, echaphazeleka zizinto ezininzi ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lobonelelo lwehlabathi, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla, kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, imboni yombane neyedijithali yaseJamani ihlangabezane nemingeni enzima. Ngo-2023 nango-2024, imveliso yokwenyani yemboni yehle nge-3.2% kunye ne-1.8% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelelana. Amashishini amaninzi ajongene neengxaki ezifana nokuncipha kwee-odolo, ukunyuka kweendleko, kunye namandla okuvelisa angasebenziyo, kwaye amanye amashishini amancinci naphakathi ade awela kwiingxaki zokusebenza. Ukuze kujongwane nale ngxaki, urhulumente waseJamani uqalise imigaqo-nkqubo eliqela exhasayo, kuquka ukubonelela ngenkxaso-mali ye-R&D, ukunciphisa irhafu yeenkampani, kunye nokuphucula ukunikezelwa kwamandla, ukunceda amashishini oshishino ukuba ajongane nobunzima aze abeke isiseko semigaqo-nkqubo yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngo-2026.
Iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha zibonisaukuba imboni yombane neyedijithali yaseJamani ibonakalise iimpawu zokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngo-2025, kunye nengeniso eqhelekileyo yeempahla kunye neenkonzo ekhokela ekubeni yi-226 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, ukunyuka kwe-2.7% xa kuthelekiswa ne-220 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2024. Phakathi kwazo, ingeniso yeemveliso kunye neenkonzo zedijithali ikhule kakhulu, kunye nokunyuka kwe-5.3% unyaka nonyaka, oku kube yeyona nto iphambili ekukhuleni kwengeniso yeshishini. Imeko yengqesho yahlala izinzile. Ukusukela ekupheleni kukaNovemba ka-2025, inani labasebenzi kushishino lalingaphezulu kancinci kwi-877,000, ukwehla kwe-1.7% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo, kodwa ukwehla kwakuphantsi kakhulu kunolindelo lwemarike lwe-3.5%. Oku kungenxa yokuba amashishini azinzisa ngempumelelo izikhundla zengqesho ngokuphucula ulwakhiwo lwabasebenzi kunye nokwandisa iimarike ezisakhulayo. Kwangaxeshanye, inani lilonke lee-odolo ezintsha kushishino linyuke nge-5% ngo-2025, apho ii-odolo ezivela kwicandelo lezoshishino zinyuke nge-7.2%, ingakumbi ii-odolo kumacandelo afana ne-elektroniki yeemoto kunye ne-automation yemizi-mveliso zinyuke kakhulu, zibonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo ye-odolo yokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngo-2026. Ukongeza, inzuzo yamashishini oshishino iye yaphucuka kancinci kancinci. Ngo-2025, umda wenzuzo ophakathi kushishino ufikelele kwi-4.8%, ukunyuka kweepesenti ezingama-0.6 xa kuthelekiswa no-2024, kwaye ukuzithemba kwamashishini ekusebenzeni kuqhubekile nokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.
Ngokuphathelele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, iimveliso zombane zaseJamani ziqhube kakuhle ngomgangatho wazo ogqwesileyo kunye neenzuzo zobuchwepheshe. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba ka-2025, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe (kuquka ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwakhona) kunyuke nge-4.6% unyaka nonyaka, kwafikelela kwi-236.2 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, kwaye umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe uqhubekile nokukhula okuhle kangangeenyanga ezi-8 zilandelelana. Phakathi kwazo, ukukhula kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwimarike enye ye-EU kunye ne-United Kingdom kwaba yinkxaso ephambili, ngokonyuka konyaka nonyaka kwe-6.8%, okubalelwa kwi-62% yomthamo uwonke wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okuphelisa ngempumelelo ukwehla kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-United States nase-China. Zichatshazelwe lutshintsho kwimeko-bume yorhwebo lwehlabathi, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemveliso yombane yaseJamani e-United States nase-China kwehle nge-2.1% kunye ne-1.5% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelelana ngo-2025. Ngokwembono yesakhiwo semveliso yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, iimveliso ezinexabiso eliphezulu ezifana nezixhobo zombane eziphezulu, iinkqubo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kwimizi-mveliso, kunye nezinzwa ezikrelekrele zikhule ngokukhawuleza, ngokonyuka konyaka nonyaka kwe-8.3%, okubonisa amandla obuchwephesha kwishishini lombane neledijithali laseJamani. Okwangoku, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwishishini liyi-78%, amanqaku ama-4 eepesenti aphezulu kunonyaka ophelileyo, kodwa kusekho umsantsa kwinqanaba eliphakathi lexesha elide le-83%, nto leyo ethetha ukuba eli shishini lisenamandla amakhulu okukhula. Ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwee-odolo, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kulindeleke ukuba liphucuke ngakumbi.
UJörg Koch, uSihlalo we-ZVEI, ugxininise kwingqungquthela yabezindaba ukuba ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso lithuba eliphambili lokukhula kwemizi-mveliso yombane neyedijithali yaseJamani ukuze kufezekiswe ukubuyiselwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokudibanisa ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi, kunye nesikhokelo esiphambili sophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kwixesha elizayo. Amashishini aseJamani anenzuzo yokuqala kwicandelo lezicelo ze-AI zoshishino, ngakumbi kumacandelo afana nokuziqhelanisa kwemizi-mveliso, ukwenziwa kwezinto ngobuchule, kunye nokubala ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nokuqokelelana okunzulu kobuchwepheshe. Iimodeli zabo zekhompyutha kunye nokwenza ngcono zoshishino zinokuqeqeshwa kusetyenziswa idatha echanekileyo mizi-mveliso, endaweni yokuxhomekeka kwiimodeli ezinkulu zolwimi ezilawulwa ngamashishini aseMelika naseTshayina. Olu setyenziso lwe-AI olusekelwe kwiimeko zoshishino lujoliswe ngakumbi kwaye luyasebenza, olunokuphucula ngempumelelo ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso. Ngokwesimo sezulu seFraunhofer Institute eJamani, ngo-2035, iJamani kulindeleke ukuba idale ii-euro ezili-144 zeebhiliyoni zexabiso elongezelelweyo kwicandelo le-AI zoshishino, iqhube ixabiso lilonke lemveliso mizi-mveliso ukuba likhule ngaphezulu kwe-30%, kwaye idale inani elikhulu lemisebenzi esemgangathweni ophezulu. Ukongeza, intlangano icela i-EU ukuba ihlaziye "uMthetho we-AI" kwaye ikhuphe izicelo ze-AI zoshishino kwimithetho engqongqo ukuze kuncitshiswe imiqathango yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha zoshishino, kuthintelwe imithetho egqithisileyo ethintela uphando nophuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe lwamashishini kunye nokwandiswa kweemarike, kwaye incede imboni ye-AI zoshishino yaseJamani ukuba igcine isikhundla sayo sokukhokela kwihlabathi liphela.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-18-2026
