Nk’uko byatangajwe n’inama ngarukamwaka y’abanyamakuru y’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abakora Ingufu n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Budage (ZVEI), nyuma y’imyaka itatu y’ihungabana no kugabanuka, inganda z’amashanyarazi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Budage zitezweho kongera gukura ku nshuro ya mbere mu 2026, umusaruro nyawo witezwe kwiyongeraho 2% uko umwaka utashye, bigahagarika ihungabana ry’inganda kandi inganda muri rusange zigahagarara. Uku kuzamuka ntabwo ari impanuka, ahubwo ni ingaruka z’impinduka zihoraho mu ngamba, ishoramari ryinshi mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga, n’imiterere myiza y’ibicuruzwa by’inganda. Dusubije amaso inyuma mu myaka itatu ishize, yagizweho ingaruka n’ibintu byinshi nko kubura kw’ingufu ku isi, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu, n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ry’ibiciro, inganda z’amashanyarazi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Budage zahuye n’ibibazo bikomeye. Mu 2023 na 2024, umusaruro nyawo w’inganda wagabanutseho 3.2% na 1.8% uko umwaka utashye. Ibigo byinshi byahuye n’ibibazo nko kugabanuka kw’ama-oda, izamuka ry’ibiciro, n’ubushobozi bwo gukora butifashe neza, ndetse n’ibigo bimwe na bimwe bito n’ibiciriritse byanaguye mu bibazo by’imikorere. Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iki kibazo, guverinoma y’Ubudage yashyizeho politiki nyinshi zishyigikira, zirimo gutanga inkunga mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ubukungu, kugabanya imisoro y’ibigo, no kunoza imitangire y’ingufu, kugira ngo ifashe ibigo by’inganda guhangana n’ibibazo no gushyiraho urufatiro rwa politiki yo kwiyubaka mu 2026.
Amakuru arambuye agaragazako inganda z'amashanyarazi n'ikoranabuhanga mu Budage yagaragaje ibimenyetso byo kuzamuka mu mwaka wa 2025, aho inyungu y’ibicuruzwa na serivisi iza ku isonga mu kuba nziza. Biteganijwe ko inyungu y’umwaka izagera kuri miliyari 226 z’amayero, ubwiyongere bwa 2.7% ugereranije na miliyari 220 z’amayero mu 2024. Muri byo, inyungu y’ibicuruzwa na serivisi by’ikoranabuhanga yariyongereye cyane, aho ubwiyongere bwa 5.3% buri mwaka, biba imbaraga nyamukuru mu kwiyongera kw’amafaranga yinjira mu nganda. Imiterere y’akazi yakomeje kuba ihamye. Kugeza mu mpera z’Ugushyingo 2025, umubare w’abakozi mu nganda wari urenga gato 877.000, wagabanutseho 1.7% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize, ariko igabanuka ryari rito cyane ugereranyije n’ibyo isoko ryari ryitezweho bya 3.5%. Ibi biterwa n’uko ibigo byateje imbere imyanya y’akazi binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y’abakozi no kwagura amasoko ari kuzamuka. Muri icyo gihe, umubare w’amakode mashya mu nganda wiyongereyeho 5% mu 2025, muri yo amakode aturutse mu nganda yiyongereyeho 7.2%, cyane cyane amakode mu byiciro nka elegitoroniki z’imodoka n’ikoranabuhanga ry’inganda ryiyongereye cyane, bitanga inkunga ikomeye yo gutumiza mu 2026. Byongeye kandi, inyungu z’ibigo by’inganda zagiye zizamuka buhoro buhoro. Mu 2025, inyungu mpuzandengo y’inganda yageze kuri 4.8%, ubwiyongere bwa 0.6% ugereranije no mu 2024, kandi icyizere cy’ibigo mu mikorere cyakomeje kuzamuka.
Ku bijyanye n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ibicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi byo mu Budage byitwaye neza bitewe n’ubwiza bwabyo bwiza n’ibyiza byabyo mu ikoranabuhanga. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Ugushyingo 2025, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga (harimo n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga) byiyongereyeho 4.6% buri mwaka, bigera kuri miliyari 236.2 z’amayero, kandi ingano y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga yakomeje kwiyongera neza mu mezi 8 yikurikiranya. Muri byo, ubwiyongere bw’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ku isoko rimwe ry’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi n’Ubwongereza byabaye inkunga y’ingenzi, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bwa 6.8% buri mwaka, bungana na 62% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose, bigabanya igabanuka ry’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no mu Bushinwa. Bitewe n’impinduka mu bucuruzi ku isi, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by’amashanyarazi by’Ubudage muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no mu Bushinwa byagabanutseho 2.1% na 1.5% buri mwaka muri 2025. Ukurikije imiterere y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro gakomeye nk’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byo ku rwego rwo hejuru, sisitemu z’inganda zikora ikoranabuhanga, n’ibikoresho by’ubwenge byazamutse vuba, bizamukaho 8.3% buri mwaka, bigaragaza imbaraga z’ikoranabuhanga mu nganda z’amashanyarazi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Budage. Kuri ubu, igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ubushobozi bw’inganda kiri ku kigero cya 78%, amanota 4 ku ijana arenze umwaka ushize, ariko haracyari icyuho ugereranyije n’ikigereranyo cy’igihe kirekire cya 83%, bivuze kandi ko uru rwego rugifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukura. Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’amadosiye, igipimo cy’ikoreshwa ry’ubushobozi bw’inganda cyitezweho gukomeza gutera imbere.
Jörg Koch, Perezida wa ZVEI, yashimangiye mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru ko ubwenge bw'ubukorano mu nganda ari bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gukura kw'inganda z'amashanyarazi n'ikoranabuhanga mu Budage kugira ngo zigere ku iterambere rirambye no gushimangira ipiganwa ku isi, ndetse n'icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'inganda mu gihe kizaza. Ibigo by'Abadage bifite inyungu ya mbere mu bijyanye n'ubukorano bw'inganda, cyane cyane mu byiciro nko mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, gukora ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge, no gukora neza, hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryimbitse. Uburyo bwabo bwo gukora no kunoza ikoranabuhanga mu nganda bushobora gutozwa hakoreshejwe amakuru nyayo y'inganda, aho kwishingikiriza ku buryo bw'indimi nini ziganjemo ibigo by'Abanyamerika n'Abashinwa. Ubu buryo bwo gukora ubukorano bw'inganda bushingiye ku bintu by'inganda bwibanda cyane kandi bufatika, bushobora kunoza neza imikorere y'umusaruro, kugabanya ikiguzi cy'umusaruro, no kunoza ireme ry'umusaruro. Nk'uko Ikigo cya Fraunhofer mu Budage kibiteganya, mu 2035, Ubudage buteganijwe ko buzakora agaciro ka miliyari 144 z'amayero mu rwego rw'ubukorano bw'inganda, gutuma umusaruro w'inganda wiyongeraho ibirenze 30%, kandi bugatanga imirimo myinshi myiza. Byongeye kandi, umuryango urasaba EU kuvugurura "Itegeko rya AI" no gukuraho amategeko akaze agenga ikoreshwa rya AI mu nganda kugira ngo hagabanywe amategeko agenga udushya mu nganda, hirindwe amategeko akabije abangamira ubushakashatsi n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ibigo ndetse no kwagura isoko, no gufasha inganda z'Ubudage mu nganda kugumana umwanya wa mbere ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Mata 2026
