I. Iinkcazo eziPhambili kunye neempawu zobuGcisa
1. I-TV SKD (Ifutshane – Ikhutshiwe)
Ibhekisa kwimo yokuhlanganisa apho iimodyuli zeTV eziphambili (ezifana neebhodi ze-motherboard, izikrini zokubonisa, kunye neebhodi zamandla) zihlanganiswa nge-interfaces ezimiselweyo. Umzekelo, umgca wemveliso we-SKD weGuangzhou Jindi Electronics unokulungiswa kwiiTV ze-LCD ezingama-40 - 65 intshi zeempawu eziphambili ezifana neHisense kunye neTCL, kwaye ukuphuculwa kunokugqitywa ngokutshintsha ibhodi ye-motherboard kunye nokulungelelanisa isoftware. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili ziquka:
Uyilo lweModular: Isebenzisa isakhiwo sesithathu se-"motherboard + isikrini sokubonisa + indlu", ehambelana neemodeli zophawu ezingaphezulu kwama-85%.
Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona koMsebenzi oSisiseko: Igcina inkqubo yombane yokuqala kunye ne-backlight, ithatha indawo yemodyuli yolawulo oluphambili kuphela, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko ngaphezulu kwama-60% xa kuthelekiswa nokutshintshwa komatshini opheleleyo.
Uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezileyo: Ukudlala ngeplagi kunye nokudlala kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iiprotokholi ze-interface ezidibeneyo (umz., i-HDMI 2.1, i-USB - C), nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokufaka libe yimizuzu engama-30.
2. I-TV CKD (Igqityiwe Ngokupheleleyo)
Ibhekisa kwimo apho iTV iqhekeka ngokupheleleyo ibe ziindawo ezingasetyenziswayo (ezifana neebhodi ezingenanto zePCB, ii-capacitors, ii-resistor, kunye ne-housing injection – iindawo ezibunjiweyo), kwaye imveliso epheleleyo yenkqubo igqitywa apha ekhaya. Umzekelo, umgca wemveliso weCKD weFoshan Zhengjie Electric ugubungela iinkqubo ezinje ngokubumba i-injection, ukutshiza, kunye nokubekwa kwe-SMT, kunye nemveliso yonyaka yeeseti ezi-3 zezigidi zeendawo ezingasetyenziswayo. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili ziquka:
Indawo Epheleleyo Yeetyathanga: Ukusuka ekunyathelweni kwepleyiti yentsimbi (yee-housing) ukuya ekuwelding kwe-PCB (yeebhodi zomama), zonke iinkqubo zigqitywa apha ekhaya, apho uthotho lweenkonzo zalapha ekhaya lufikelela kwi-70%.
Udibaniso loBugcisa oluNzulu: Kufuneka ubuchule kwiinkqubo eziphambili ezifana nokupakishwa kwemodyuli ye-backlight kunye noyilo lwe-EMC (Ukuhambelana kwe-Electromagnetic). Umzekelo, isisombululo sikaJunhengtai se-4K high – color – gamut kufuneka sidibanise iifilimu ze-quantum dot kunye neetships zomqhubi.
Uvelwano loMgaqo-nkqubo: Ukuthobela imithetho yemarike ekujoliswe kuyo kuyimfuneko. Umzekelo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwi-EU kufuna isatifikethi se-CE (LVD Low Voltage Directive + EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive), kwaye imakethi yase-US ifuna isatifikethi se-FCC – ID (kwimisebenzi engenazingcingo).
II. Ukuthelekiswa kweMiqathango yokufikelela kwiFektri
III. Iimeko kunye namatyala okusetyenziswa kweShishini
1. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ze-SKD
Imarike Yolondolozo: Idatha evela kwiqonga le-e-commerce ibonisa ukuba umthamo wentengiso yenyanga yeebhodi ze-universal motherboards udlula iiyunithi ezingama-500, kunye nempendulo yabasebenzisi efana "nokufakelwa okulula" kunye "nokuphuculwa okukhulu kokusebenza".
Uphuculo kwiiMarike ezisakhulayo: Amazwe aseAfrika asebenzisa imo ye-SKD ukuphucula iiTV ze-CRT ezineminyaka emi-5 ubudala zibe ziiTV ze-LCD ezikrelekrele, zibiza i-1/3 kuphela yeeTV ezintsha.
Ukupheliswa kwempahla: Iinkampani zihlaziya iiTV ezikwi-inventory ngemo ye-SKD. Umzekelo, umenzi uphucule iiTV zakhe ezikwi-2019 ezazisele ziphelelwe lixesha ukuya kwiimodeli zika-2023, nto leyo enyusa inzuzo nge-15%.
2. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ze-CKD
Ukuphepha iRhafu: I-USMCA yaseMexico (iSivumelwano sase-United States-Mexico-Canada) ifuna ukuba irhafu kwiindawo ezingasetyenziswayo zeTV ibe yi-≤ 5%, ngelixa irhafu kwiiTV ezipheleleyo ifikelela kwi-20%, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amashishini aseTshayina aseke iifektri ze-CKD eMexico.
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kobuchwephesha:Junhengtaiithumele isisombululo se-4K TV CKD e-Uzbekistan, kubandakanya uyilo lwemigca yemveliso, uqeqesho lwabasebenzi, kunye nokwakhiwa kwekhonkco lokubonelela, ifezekisa ulwandiso lwetekhnoloji phesheya kolwandle.
Ukuthobela imithetho yengingqi: "Inkqubo yokuvelisa ePhasejiweyo" yaseIndiya ifuna ukuba umlinganiselo wokuhlanganiswa kwe-CKD unyuke unyaka nonyaka, ufikelele kwi-60% ngo-2025, nto leyo enyanzela amashishini ukuba aseke uthotho lwesibini lokubonelela eIndiya.
IV. Iindlela zobugcisa kunye neengcebiso zomngcipheko
1. Izikhokelo zoPhuhliso loBugcisa
Ukungena kweMini LED kunye ne-OLED: I-TCL's C6K QD-Mini LED TV isebenzisa i-512-zone dimming, nto leyo efuna ukuba iifektri ze-CKD zibe nobuchule bokusebenzisa i-quantum dot film lamination; uphawu oluzikhanyisayo lweephaneli ze-OLED lwenza lula imodyuli yokukhanyisa emva kodwa lubeka iimfuno eziphezulu kwiinkqubo zokupakisha.
Ukuthandwa kweMigca yeMveliso yeSizukulwana sesi-8.6: Amashishini afana ne-BOE kunye ne-Visionox andise imigca yemveliso ye-OLED yesizukulwana sesi-8.6, ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle nge-106% kunokwemigca yesizukulwana sesi-6, nto leyo enyanzelisa iifektri ze-CKD ukuba ziphucule izixhobo.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuBukrelekrele: Iibhodi zomama ze-SKD kufuneka zidibanise ii-AI voice chips (umz., ukuqondwa kwelizwi okukude), kwaye i-CKD ifuna uphuhliso lweenkqubo zonxibelelwano ezineemodal ezininzi (i-gesture + touch control).
2. Iingozi kunye neMiqathango yokuchasana
Imiqobo yePropati yoBuchule: Imirhumo yokugunyazisa i-HDMI Association ibandakanya i-3% yexabiso leebhodi zomama ze-SKD; amashishini kufuneka anciphise iingozi ngokunika iilayisenisi ezahlukeneyo zeepatenti.
Ukuguquguquka kweTyathanga loNikezelo: Amaxabiso esikrini esiboniswayo achatshazelwa kumthamo wemveliso yefektri yephaneli (umz., ukwehla kwemveliso ye-OLED yeSamsung); iifektri ze-CKD kufuneka ziseke indlela yokuthenga enemithombo emibini.
Utshintsho kwiMigaqo-nkqubo: UMthetho omtsha weBhetri we-EU ufuna ukulandelelwa kwekhonkco lobonelelo; iifektri ze-CKD kufuneka zisebenzise inkqubo yokulandelela izinto ezisekelwe kwi-blockchain.
V. Amatyala aqhelekileyo eShishini
1. Ummeli we-SKD: Guangzhou Jindi Electronics
Iingenelo zobugcisa: Iibhodi zomama zeprosesa ze-4-core 1.8GHz eziphuhliswe ngokuzimeleyo, ezixhasa i-4K 60Hz decoding kwaye ziyahambelana nenkqubo ye-Android 11.
Icebo leMarike: Ukuthengiswa okuhlanganisiweyo kwe "motherboards + software", kunye nomda wenzuzo epheleleyo we-40%, ongaphezulu kunomndilili weshishini we-25%.
2. Ummeli we-CKD:Sichuan Junhengtai
Uphuhliso lweZinto ezintsha: Sisebenzisane neYunivesithi yaseZhejiang ukuphuhlisa itekhnoloji ye-perovskite backlight esemgangathweni opheleleyo, kunye nombala we-NTSC ongu-97.3%, ophezulu nge-4.3% kunezisombululo zemveli.
Imodeli yeShishini: Ibonelele ngeenkonzo "zokuqeshisa izixhobo + ukugunyaziswa kwetekhnoloji" kubathengi baseAfrika, kunye nomrhumo wenkonzo wonyaka we-USD yezigidi ezi-2 ngomgca ngamnye wemveliso.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-08-2025
