I. Ngā Whakamāramatanga Matua me ngā Āhuatanga Hangarau
1. Pouaka Whakaata SKD (Hawhe-Tukua)
E pā ana tēnei ki tētahi aratau huihuinga e huihuia ai ngā waeine pouaka whakaata matua (pērā i ngā papahoahoa, ngā mata whakaatu, me ngā papa hiko) mā roto i ngā atanga paerewa. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakarerekē i te raina whakaputa SKD o Guangzhou Jindi Electronics ki ngā pouaka whakaata LCD 40 – 65 inihi o ngā waitohu matua pērā i a Hisense me TCL, ā, ka taea te whakaoti i ngā whakapainga mā te whakakapi i te papahoahoa me te whakarerekē i te pūmanawa. Ko ōna āhuatanga matua ko:
Hoahoa Āhuahira: E whakamahi ana i te hanganga tuatoru "papahoahoa + mata whakaatu + whare", e hototahi ana ki te neke atu i te 85% o ngā tauira waitohu.
Whakamahinga Anō o te Mahi Taketake: Ka mau tonu te pūnaha hiko taketake me te pūnaha whakamārama, ka whakakapia anake te waeine whakahaere matua, ka whakaitihia ngā utu neke atu i te 60% ki te whakataurite ki te whakakapinga mīhini katoa.
Urutau Tere: Ka whakatinanahia te mono-ā-ringa mā roto i ngā kawa atanga kotahi (hei tauira, HDMI 2.1, USB-C), ka whakapotohia te wā tāutanga ki roto i te 30 meneti.
2. Pouaka Whakaata CKD (Kua Pakaru Katoa)
E pā ana tēnei ki te momo e wetewetehia katoatia ai te pouaka whakaata kia waiho hei wāhanga tāpiri (pēnei i ngā papa PCB tahanga, ngā pūnga, ngā ātete, me ngā wāhanga werohanga-whakarewa whare), ā, ka oti te tukanga whakaputa katoa i te rohe. Hei tauira, ko te raina whakaputa CKD o Foshan Zhengjie Electric e kapi ana i ngā tukanga pēnei i te werohanga, te rehu, me te whakatakotoranga SMT, me te putanga ā-tau o te 3 miriona huinga wāhanga tāpiri. Ko ōna āhuatanga matua ko:
Te Whakawhitiwhitinga Mekameka Katoa: Mai i te tā pereti maitai (mō ngā whare) ki te whakarewa PCB (mō ngā papahoahoa), ka oti katoa ngā tukanga ā-rohe, tae atu ki te 70% te mekameka tuku o te rohe.
Whakaurunga Hangarau Hōhonu: Me matatau ki ngā tukanga matua pēnei i te takai o te kōwae rama-muri me te hoahoa EMC (Hototahi Hikohiko). Hei tauira, me whakauru e te otinga tae teitei 4K a Junhengtai ngā kiriata ira-kuantum me ngā maramara taraiwa.
Te Whaiaro ki ngā Kaupapa Here: Me tutuki ngā ture o te mākete ūnga. Hei tauira, me whai tiwhikete CE (LVD Low Voltage Directive + EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive) mō ngā kaweake ki te EU, ā, me whai tiwhikete FCC – ID (mō ngā mahi ahokore) te mākete o Amerika.
II. Te Whakataurite i ngā Āhuatanga o te Whakauru ki te Wheketere
III. Ngā horopaki me ngā take mō te tono ahumahi
1. Ngā horopaki noa mō te SKD
Mākete Tiaki: E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga mai i tētahi tūāpapa hokohoko ipurangi e neke atu ana i te 500 ngā waeine hoko o ia marama mō ngā papahoahoa whānui, me ngā urupare a ngā kaiwhakamahi pēnei i te "tāuta ngāwari" me te "whakapai ake i te mahi".
Ngā Whakapai Ake i ngā Mākete Pūkenga: Ka whakamahia e ngā whenua o Āwherika te aratau SKD hei whakapai ake i ngā pouaka whakaata CRT 5-tau te pakeke ki ngā pouaka whakaata LCD atamai, ā, ko te utu he 1/3 noa iho o ngā pouaka whakaata hou.
Te Whakakorenga Taonga: Ka whakahoutia e ngā waitohu ngā pouaka whakaata taonga mā te aratau SKD. Hei tauira, i whakahoutia e tētahi kaihanga āna pouaka whakaata tauira 2019 ki ngā tauira 2023, ā, ka piki ake ngā hua mā te 15%.
2. Ngā horopaki noa mō te CKD
Te karo i ngā utu: E hiahiatia ana e te USMCA (Te Hononga o Amerika-Mehiko-Kānata) a Mehiko kia ≤ 5% ngā utu mō ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana o te pouaka whakaata, ā, kia eke ngā utu mō ngā pouaka whakaata katoa ki te 20%, ā, ka akiakihia ngā umanga Haina ki te whakatū wheketere CKD i Mehiko.
Kaweake Hangarau:Junhengtaii kaweake i tētahi otinga CKD pouaka whakaata 4K ki Uzbekistan, tae atu ki te hoahoa raina whakaputa, te whakangungu kaimahi, me te hanganga mekameka tuku, me te whakatutuki i te whakawhānui hangarau ki tāwāhi.
Te Whakatutukitanga ā-Rohe: E hiahiatia ana e te "Kaupapa Hanga Wāhanga" a Īnia kia piki ake te ōwehenga huihuinga CKD i ia tau, kia eke ki te 60% i te tau 2025, ka akiaki i ngā umanga ki te whakatū i ngā mekameka tuku tuarua ki Īnia.
IV. Ngā Auahatanga Hangarau me ngā Tohutohu Mōrearea
1. Ngā Aronga o te Whanaketanga Hangarau
Te urunga o te Mini LED me te OLED: Kei te whakamahi te pouaka whakaata C6K QD-Mini LED a TCL i te whakaitiiti rohe 512, e hiahia ana kia matatau ngā wheketere CKD ki te hangarau whakapiri kiriata ira-kuantum; mā te āhuatanga whakamārama-ake o ngā panera OLED e whakangawari ake te waeine whakamārama engari ka nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō ngā tukanga tākai.
Te Whakawhanuitanga o ngā Raina Hanga OLED o te Whakatipuranga 8.6: Kua whakawhānui ake ngā umanga pēnei i a BOE me Visionox i ngā raina hanga OLED o te whakatipuranga 8.6, me te whakaheke i te whai huatanga 106% teitei ake i ērā o ngā raina whakatipuranga 6, ā, kua akiakihia ngā wheketere CKD ki te whakapai ake i ngā taputapu.
Whakaurunga Maamaa: Me whakauru ngā papahoahoa SKD i ngā maramara reo AI (hei tauira, te mōhiotanga reo papa-tawhiti), ā, me whakawhanake te CKD i ngā pūnaha taunekeneke maha-ahurea (mana tohu + mana pā).
2. Ngā Mōrearea me ngā Ārai
Ngā Ārai mō ngā Taonga Hinengaro: Ko ngā utu whakamanatanga a te HDMI Association e 3% o te utu o ngā papahoahoa SKD; me whakaiti e ngā umanga ngā mōrearea mā te whakawhiti raihana o ngā patent.
Te Hurihuri o te Mekameka Tuku: Ka pāngia ngā utu o te mata whakaatu e te kaha whakaputa o te wheketere panera (hei tauira, te whakaiti a Samsung i te whakaputa OLED); Me whakatū e ngā wheketere CKD he tikanga hoko rua-pūtake.
Ngā Huringa Kaupapa Here: E hiahiatia ana te whai i te mekameka tuku i raro i te Ture Pūhiko Hou a te EU; me whakatinana e ngā wheketere CKD he pūnaha aroturuki rauemi e hangai ana ki te poraka mekameka.
V. Ngā Take Pakihi Noa
1. Māngai mō SKD: Guangzhou Jindi Electronics
Ngā Painga Hangarau: Ngā papahoahoa tukatuka matua-4 1.8GHz i whakawhanakehia motuhaketia, e tautoko ana i te wetewete 4K 60Hz me te hototahi ki te pūnaha Android 11.
Rautaki Mākete: Ngā hokonga pūpū o ngā "papahoahoa me ngā pūmanawa", me te tawhē hua whānui o te 40%, teitei ake i te toharite o te ahumahi o te 25%.
2. Māngai mō te CKD:Sichuan Junhengtai
Te Ahunga Hou o te Auahatanga: I mahi tahi me Te Whare Wānanga o Zhejiang ki te whakawhanake i te hangarau rama-muri perovskite-totoka-katoa, me te whānuitanga tae NTSC o te 97.3%, 4.3% teitei ake i ngā otinga tuku iho.
Tauira Pakihi: I whakarato ratonga "rīhi taputapu + whakamanatanga hangarau" ki ngā kiritaki o Āwherika, me te utu ratonga ā-tau o te USD 2 miriona mō ia raina whakaputa.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-08-2025
