I. Qeexitaannada Muhiimka ah iyo Astaamaha Farsamada
1. TV SKD (Nus-Dhamaadka - La garaacay)
Waxay tilmaamaysaa qaab isku-dubarid ah halkaas oo modules-yada TV-ga ee asaasiga ah (sida motherboards-ka, shaashadaha bandhigga, iyo looxyada korontada) lagu ururiyo iyada oo loo marayo is-dhexgal caadi ah. Tusaale ahaan, khadka wax soo saarka SKD ee Guangzhou Jindi Electronics waxaa loo habeyn karaa TV-yada LCD ee 40 - 65 inji ah ee noocyada caadiga ah sida Hisense iyo TCL, casriyeyntana waxaa lagu dhammaystiri karaa iyadoo la beddelayo motherboard-ka oo la waafajinayo software-ka. Astaamaha asaasiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
Naqshad Modular ah: Waxay qaadataa qaab-dhismeed "motherboard + shaashad bandhig + guri" ah, oo la jaan qaadaya in ka badan 85% moodooyinka summada.
Dib-u-isticmaalka Shaqada Aasaasiga ah: Waxay haysaa korontada asalka ah iyo nidaamka iftiinka dambe, iyadoo kaliya beddeshaysa module-ka xakamaynta asaasiga ah, taasoo hoos u dhigaysa kharashyada in ka badan 60% marka la barbar dhigo beddelka mashiinka oo dhan.
La qabsiga Degdegga ah: Furaha - iyo - ciyaarta waxaa lagu fuliyaa iyada oo loo marayo hab-raacyada isku-xirka midaysan (tusaale ahaan, HDMI 2.1, USB - C), taasoo soo gaabinaysa waqtiga rakibidda ilaa 30 daqiiqo gudahood.
2. TV CKD (Dhammaantood waa la garaacay)
Waxay tilmaamaysaa qaabka TV-ga si buuxda loogu kala furfuro qaybo dayactir ah (sida looxyada PCB-ga ee qaawan, capacitors-ka, iska caabbinta, iyo duritaanka guryaha - qaybaha la qaabeeyey), wax soo saarka habka oo dhammaystiranna si maxalli ah ayaa loo dhammaystiraa. Tusaale ahaan, khadka wax soo saarka CKD ee Foshan Zhengjie Electric wuxuu daboolaa hababka sida qaabaynta duritaanka, buufinta, iyo meelaynta SMT, iyadoo wax soo saar sannadle ah oo ah 3 milyan oo qaybood oo qaybo dayactir ah. Astaamaha asaasiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
Goobidda Silsilad Buuxa: Laga bilaabo shaambadda saxanka birta ah (guryaha) ilaa alxanka PCB (motherboards), dhammaan hababka waxaa lagu dhammeeyaa maxalli ahaan, iyadoo silsiladda sahayda maxalliga ah ay ilaa 70%.
Isku-dhafka Farsamada ee qoto-dheer: Aqoon u lahaanshaha hababka asaasiga ah sida baakadaha module-ka iftiinka dambe iyo naqshadeynta EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) ayaa loo baahan yahay. Tusaale ahaan, xalka 4K ee Junhengtai ee midabka sare leh wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu isku daro filimada dhibcaha quantum iyo jajabyada darawalka.
Xasaasiyadda Siyaasadda: U hoggaansanaanta xeerarka suuqa bartilmaameedka ah waa lagama maarmaan. Tusaale ahaan, dhoofinta Midowga Yurub waxay u baahan tahay shahaadada CE (Tilmaamaha Danabka Yar ee LVD + Tilmaamaha Iswaafajinta EMC Elektromagnetic), suuqa Mareykankana wuxuu u baahan yahay shahaadada FCC - ID (hawlgallada wireless-ka).
II. Isbarbardhigga Xaaladaha Helitaanka Warshadda
III. Xaaladaha iyo Kiisaska Codsiga Warshadaha
1. Xaaladaha Caadiga ah ee SKD
Suuqa Dayactirka: Xogta laga helay madal ganacsi elektaroonig ah ayaa muujinaysa in mugga iibka bille ee Motherboard-yada caalamiga ah uu ka badan yahay 500 oo unug, iyadoo jawaab celinta isticmaalaha ay tahay "rakibid fudud" iyo "horumarin waxqabad oo muhiim ah".
Casriyeynta Suuqyada Soo Koraya: Dalalka Afrika waxay adeegsadaan habka SKD si ay u casriyeeyaan TV-yada CRT ee 5 jirka ah una beddelaan TV-yada LCD-ga ee casriga ah, iyadoo kharashkoodu yahay 1/3 oo keliya TV-yada cusub.
Bixinta Alaabta: Noocyada ayaa dib u cusboonaysiiya TV-yada kaydka ah iyada oo loo marayo qaabka SKD. Tusaale ahaan, soo-saare ayaa u cusbooneysiiyay TV-yada nooca 2019-ka ee dib u dhacay una beddelay moodooyinka 2023, taasoo kordhinaysa faa'iidada faa'iidada 15%.
2. Xaaladaha Caadiga ah ee CKD
Ka Fogaanshaha Canshuurta: Heshiiska USMCA ee Mexico (Heshiiska Mareykanka iyo Mexico-Kanada) wuxuu dhigayaa in canshuuraha qaybaha TV-ga ee dheeraadka ah ay noqdaan ≤ 5%, halka canshuuraha TV-yada oo dhammaystiran ay gaaraan 20%, taasoo ku kaliftay shirkadaha Shiinaha inay warshado CKD ka dhisaan Mexico.
Dhoofinta Tiknoolajiyada:Junhengtaiwaxay u dhoofisay xal 4K TV CKD ah Uzbekistan, oo ay ku jiraan naqshadeynta khadadka wax soo saarka, tababarka shaqaalaha, iyo dhismaha silsiladda sahayda, iyadoo la xaqiijinayo ballaarinta tignoolajiyada dibadda.
U hoggaansanaanta Deegaanka: "Barnaamijka Wax-soo-saarka Marxaladaha" ee Hindiya wuxuu u baahan yahay in saamiga isu-geynta CKD uu sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya kordho, isagoo gaaraya 60% marka la gaaro 2025, taasoo ku qasbeysa shirkadaha inay dhisaan silsilado sahay oo labaad ah Hindiya.
IV. Isbeddellada Farsamada iyo Talooyinka Khatarta
1. Tilmaamaha Horumarka Farsamada
Gelitaanka LED-ka Mini iyo OLED: TV-ga C6K QD-Mini LED ee TCL wuxuu qaataa 512-aag oo iftiin ah, taasoo u baahan warshadaha CKD inay bartaan tignoolajiyada dahaarka filimka dhibcaha quantum; sifada is-iftiiminta ee muraayadaha OLED waxay fududaynaysaa module-ka iftiinka dambe laakiin waxay ku soo rogtay shuruudo sare hababka baakadaha.
Soo saarista Khadadka Wax Soo Saarka Jiilka 8.6aad: Shirkadaha sida BOE iyo Visionox waxay ballaariyeen khadadka wax soo saarka OLED ee jiilka 8.6aad, iyadoo hufnaanta ay 106% ka sarreyso tan khadadka jiilka 6aad, taasoo ku qasabtay warshadaha CKD inay cusboonaysiiyaan qalabka.
Is-dhexgal Caqli badan: Motherboard-yada SKD waxay u baahan yihiin inay isku daraan jajabyada codka AI (tusaale ahaan, aqoonsiga codka fog), CKD-na waxay u baahan tahay horumarinta nidaamyada isdhexgalka badan (tilmaamaha + xakamaynta taabashada).
2. Khataraha iyo Tallaabooyinka Ka Hortagga
Caqabadaha Hantida Garaadka: Kharashka oggolaanshaha Ururka HDMI wuxuu ka dhigan yahay 3% kharashka motherboard-ka SKD; shirkaduhu waxay u baahan yihiin inay yareeyaan khataraha iyagoo shatiyo isku dhafan siinaya shatiyada.
Isbeddelka Silsiladda Sahayda: Qiimaha shaashadaha bandhigga waxaa saameeya awoodda wax soo saarka warshadda guddiga (tusaale ahaan, hoos u dhaca Samsung ee wax soo saarka OLED); Warshadaha CKD waxay u baahan yihiin inay dhisaan hab iibsi oo laba-illood ah.
Isbeddellada Siyaasadda: Xeerka Cusub ee Baytariga ee Midowga Yurub wuxuu u baahan yahay raadraac silsilad sahay ah; warshadaha CKD waxay u baahan yihiin inay hirgeliyaan nidaam dabagal agab oo ku salaysan blockchain.
V. Kiisaska Ganacsiga Caadiga ah
1. Wakiilka SKD: Guangzhou Jindi Electronics
Faa'iidooyinka Farsamada: Si madax-bannaan ayaa loo sameeyay motherboards-ka processor-ka ee 4-core 1.8GHz, iyagoo taageeraya habaynta 4K 60Hz isla markaana la jaan qaadaya nidaamka Android 11.
Istaraatiijiyadda Suuqa: Iibka isku dhafan ee "motherboards + software", oo leh faa'iido guud oo ah 40%, oo ka sarreeya celceliska warshadaha oo ah 25%.
2. Wakiilka CKD:Sichuan Junhengtai
Horumarka Hal-abuurka: Waxay iskaashi la samaysay Jaamacadda Zhejiang si ay u horumariso tignoolajiyada iftiinka dambe ee perovskite oo dhan-adag, iyadoo midabkeedu yahay NTSC 97.3%, 4.3% ka sarreeya xalalka dhaqameed.
Qaabka Ganacsiga: Waxay siisay macaamiisha Afrika adeegyo "kiraysashada qalabka + oggolaanshaha tiknoolajiyada", iyadoo khidmad adeeg sannadeed ah oo ah USD 2 milyan halkii khad wax soo saar.
Waqtiga boostada: Sebteembar-08-2025
