I. Qeexitaannada Muhiimka ah iyo Tilmaamaha Farsamada
1. TV SKD (Semi - Waa la garaacay)
Waxa ay tilmaamaysaa habka isu-urursiga oo qaybaha TV-ga udub-dhexaadka ah (sida Motherboard-yada, shaashadaha, iyo looxyada korontada) lagu ururiyo iyada oo la adeegsanayo is-dhexgalyo heersare ah. Tusaale ahaan, khadka wax soo saarka SKD ee Guangzhou Jindi Electronics waxaa lagu hagaajin karaa 40 - 65 inch LCD TV-yada noocyada caadiga ah sida Hisense iyo TCL, iyo casriyeynta waxaa lagu dhameyn karaa iyada oo la beddelayo Motherboard-ka lana waafajiyo software-ka. Astaamaha asaasiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
Naqshadaynta Modular: Waxay qabataa qaab dhismeedka ternary "motherboard + screen screen + home", oo la jaan qaadaya in ka badan 85% moodooyinka summada.
Dib u Isticmaalka Shaqada Aasaasiga ah: Waxay haysaa tamarta asalka ah iyo nidaamka iftiinka dambe, kaliya bedelaya moduleka kantaroolka asaasiga ah, kaas oo yareynaya kharashyada in ka badan 60% marka la barbar dhigo beddelka mashiinka buuxa.
La qabsiga degdega ah: Plug – iyo – ciyaarta waxa lagu xaqiiqsaday hab-maamuusyo is-dhexgal midaysan (tusaale, HDMI 2.1, USB – C), iyada oo la soo gaabinaysa wakhtiga rakibaadda 30 daqiiqo gudahood.
2. TV CKD (Dhamaystir la garaacay)
Waxa ay tilmaamaysaa qaabka uu TV-ga si buuxda ugu kala firdhiyo qaybo ka mid ah (sida looxyada PCB ee qaawan, capacitors, resistors, iyo home injections – qaybo qaabaysan), iyo wax soo saarka buuxa ee habka loo dhameeyay gudaha. Tusaale ahaan, khadka wax soo saarka ee CKD ee Foshan Zhengjie Electric waxay dabooshaa hababka sida qaabaynta duritaanka, buufinta, iyo meelaynta SMT, oo leh wax soo saar sanadle ah oo ah 3 milyan oo qaybood oo qalab ah. Astaamaha asaasiga ah waxaa ka mid ah:
Buuxsan – Silsilad Degenaansho: Laga soo bilaabo dhejinta saxanadda birta ah (guryaha) ilaa alxanka PCB (loogu talagalay Motherboard-yada), dhammaan geeddi-socodyada waxaa lagu dhammeeyaa gudaha, iyadoo silsiladda sahayda maxalliga ah lagu xisaabinayo ilaa 70%.
Isku-dhafka Farsamo ee qoto dheer: Kartida hababka asaasiga ah sida baakadaha moduleka iftiinka dambe iyo EMC (Compatibility Electromagnetic) ayaa loo baahan yahay. Tusaale ahaan, Junhengtai's 4K sare - midabka - xalka gamut wuxuu u baahan yahay in la isku daro filimada dhibcaha quantum iyo chips darawalka.
Dareenka Siyaasadda: U hoggaansanaanta xeerarka suuqa la beegsanayo waa lagama maarmaan. Tusaale ahaan, wax-soo-saarka EU-da waxay u baahan yihiin shahaado CE (LVD Dardaaranka Voltage Low + EMC Korantada Waafaqsanaanta), iyo suuqa Mareykanka wuxuu u baahan yahay FCC - shahaadada aqoonsiga (shaqooyinka wireless).
II. Isbarbardhigga Shuruudaha Helitaanka Warshada
III. Xaaladaha Codsiga Warshadaha iyo Kiisaska
1. Xaaladaha caadiga ah ee SKD
Suuqa Dayactirka: Xogta laga helay goobta ganacsiga e-commerce waxay muujinaysaa in mugga iibka billaha ah ee Motherboard-yada caalamiga ah uu ka badan yahay 500 unug, oo leh jawaab celin isticmaale sida "rakiba fudud" iyo "horumar waxqabad oo muuqda".
Casriyeynta Suuqyada Soo Koraya: Waddamada Afrikaanku waxay isticmaalaan habka SKD si ay u cusboonaysiiyaan TV-yada CRT ee 5-jirka ah si ay u noqdaan TV-yada LCD-ga casriga ah, oo qiimahoodu yahay 1/3 oo keliya TV-yada cusub.
Dareeraha Alaabta: Noocyada waxay dib u habeeyaan TV-yada agabka iyadoo loo marayo qaabka SKD. Tusaale ahaan, soo saaraha ayaa kor u qaaday TV-yadiisa moodeelka ah ee 2019-ka ilaa 2023, isaga oo kordhinaya xad-dhaafka faa'iidada 15%.
2. Xaaladaha caadiga ah ee CKD
Ka fogaanshaha tacriifta: Mexico USMCA (Heshiiska Maraykanka-Mexico-Canada) wuxuu u baahan yahay tacriifyada qaybaha TV-yada inay noqdaan ≤ 5%, halka tacriifooyinka TV-yada dhamaystiran ay gaadhaan 20%, taasoo ku kaliftay shirkadaha Shiinaha inay dhisaan warshado CKD Mexico.
Dhoofinta Tignoolajiyada:Junhengtaiwaxay u dhoofisay 4K TV CKD xal Uzbekistan, oo ay ku jiraan naqshadeynta khadka wax soo saarka, tababarka shaqaalaha, iyo dhismaha silsiladda sahayda, xaqiijinta tignoolajiyada ballaarinta dibadda.
U Hogaansanaanta Maxaliga ah: Hindiya “Barnaamijka Wax Soo Saarka Wajiga ah” wuxuu u baahan yahay saamiga golaha CKD inuu kordho sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya, isagoo gaaraya 60% marka la gaaro 2025, taasoo ku qasbeysa shirkadaha inay abuuraan silsilado sahayda sare ee Hindiya.
IV. Isbeddellada Farsamada iyo Tilmaamaha Khatarta
1. Tilmaamaha Horumarka Farsamada
Gelitaanka Mini LED iyo OLED: TCL's C6K QD-Mini LED TV wuxuu qaataa 512-aagga dimming, oo u baahan warshado CKD si ay u yaqaanaan tikniyoolajiyadda filimka quantum dot; muujinta is-iftiinka ee muraayadaha OLED waxay fududeeyaan moduleka iftiinka dambe laakiin waxay soo rogaan shuruudo sare oo ku saabsan hababka baakadaha.
Caannimada Khadadka Wax-soo-saarka 8.6-aad: Shirkadaha sida BOE iyo Visionox waxay ballaariyeen 8.6-jiilka OLED khadadka wax-soo-saarka, iyadoo la jaray waxtarka 106% ee ka sarreeya khadadka 6-aad, oo ku qasbaya warshadaha CKD inay kor u qaadaan qalabka.
Isdhexgalka caqliga leh: Motherboard-yada SKD waxay u baahan yihiin inay isku daraan chips-yada codka AI (tusaale, aqoonsiga codka goobta fog), iyo CKD waxay u baahan tahay horumarinta hababka isdhexgalka ee hababka badan (tilmaanta + xakamaynta taabashada).
2. Khataraha iyo ka hortagga
Caqabadaha Hantida Caqliga: Kharashyada oggolaanshaha Ururka HDMI waxay ku xisaabtamaan 3% qiimaha hooyada hooyada SKD; ganacsiyadu waxay u baahan yihiin inay yareeyaan khataraha iyaga oo isticmaalaya shatiyada isdhaafsiga ee shatiga.
Isbeddelka Silsiladda Supply: Qiimaha shaashadda waxaa saameeya awoodda wax soo saarka warshadda (tusaale, hoos u dhaca Samsung ee wax soo saarka OLED); Warshadaha CKD waxay u baahan yihiin inay abuuraan hab wax-soo-iibsi oo laba ilood ah.
Beddelka Siyaasadda: Xeerka cusub ee Midowga Yurub wuxuu u baahan yahay raadinta silsiladda saadka; Warshadaha CKD waxay u baahan yihiin inay hirgeliyaan nidaamka dabagalka walxaha ku salaysan blockchain.
V. Kiisaska Ganacsiga ee Caadiga ah
1. Wakiilka SKD: Guangzhou Jindi Electronics
Faa'iidooyinka Farsamada: Si madax-banaan loo sameeyay 4-core 1.8GHz processor Motherboards, oo taageeraya 4K 60Hz dejinta oo la jaan qaadaya nidaamka Android 11.
Istaraatiijiyada Suuqa: Iibka la isku daray ee "motherboards + software", oo leh faa'iido guud 40%, oo ka sareysa celceliska warshadaha 25%.
2. Wakiilka CKD:Sichuan Junhengtai
Horumarka Hal-abuurka: Waxay la kaashadeen Jaamacadda Zhejiang si ay u horumariyaan tignoolajiyada dhabarka ee perovskite-adag, oo leh gamut midabka NTSC ee 97.3%, 4.3% ka sarreeya xalalka dhaqanka.
Qaabka Ganacsiga: Waxaa la siiyay macaamiisha Afrika adeegyada “kiraysashada qalabka + oggolaanshaha tignoolajiyada”, iyadoo la siinayo khidmad adeeg sannadle ah oo dhan USD 2 milyan halkii wax soo saar.
Waqtiga post: Seb-08-2025
