Intshayelelo yeXesha loRhwebo lweFOB

I. Intsingiselo

I-FOB lelinye lawona magama asetyenziswayo zorhwebo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Imele "Free On Board." Xa ixesha le-FOB lisetyenziswa, umthengisi unoxanduva lokulayisha iimpahla kwinqanawa echongiweyo yomthengi kwi-port echaziweyo yokuthunyelwa ngexesha elivunyelweneyo kwaye kufuneka axelele umthengi ngokukhawuleza. Umngcipheko welahleko okanye umonakalo kwiimpahla ezigqithiselwayo zisuka kumthengisi zisiya kumthengi xa iimpahla sele zikhwele enqanaweni.

II. Uxanduva lomthengisi

Ukulungiswa kunye nokuLayishwa kweMpahla

Umthengisi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba iimpahla zilayishwa kwinqanawa yomthengi echongiweyo kwizibuko elixelwe ngokwesivumelwano nangexesha elibekiweyo. Umzekelo, ukuba inkampani yokuvelisa impahla yaseTshayina ithengisa iimpahla phantsi kwemiqathango ye-FOB Shanghai Port, kufuneka inike umthumeli wempahla olungiselela ukulayisha iimpahla. Umthengisi kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho wempahla uyahlangabezana neemfuno zekhontrakthi nokuba iimpahla zipakishwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze zithuthwe elwandle.

Umthengisi kwakhona uthwala zonke iindleko ezinxulumene neempahla ukuya kwindawo yokulayisha. Oku kuquka iindleko zothutho lwangaphakathi elizweni ukuya kwizibuko kunye neentlawulo zokuphatha izibuko zokulayisha iimpahla enqanaweni. Umzekelo, inkampani yeempahla kufuneka ihlawule ukuthutha ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina impahla ukuya kwizibuko laseShanghai kunye nemirhumo yokuphatha izibuko yokulayisha iimpahla enqanaweni.

Thumela ngaphandle iCustoms Clearance

Umthengisi unoxanduva lokusingatha zonke iinkqubo zezithethe zokuthumela ngaphandle, kubandakanywa nokufumana iilayisensi zokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokugqiba izibhengezo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Umzekelo, kwimeko yokuthumela ngaphandle iimveliso ze-elektroniki, umthengisi kufuneka achaze ngokuchanekileyo igama lemveliso, iinkcukacha, ixabiso, kunye nolunye ulwazi kubaphathi bempahla, ahlawule nayiphi na imisebenzi esebenzayo yokuthumela ngaphandle, kwaye aqinisekise ukuba iimpahla zingathunyelwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kwamagingxigingxi.

Isaziso kuMthengi

Emva kokuba iimpahla zilayishiwe enqanaweni, umthengisi kufuneka athumele isaziso esaneleyo kumthengi. Oku kubalulekile kuba umngcipheko ugqithiselwa kumthengi nje ukuba iimpahla zidlule kwisiporo senqanawa. Ukuba umthengisi akaphumeleli ukwazisa umthengi ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye kukho into eyenzekayo kwimpahla ngexesha lokuthutha, iingxabano malunga netyala zingavela. Isaziso kufuneka siquke iinkcukacha ezifana nexesha lokulayisha, igama lenqanawa, kunye nolwazi oluthile malunga nempahla.

III. Uxanduva lomthengi

UkuTshatha kunye ne-Inshurensi

Umthengi unoxanduva lokuqesha inqanawa okanye indawo yokubhuka kwinqanawa kwaye kufuneka azise umthengisi ngegama lenqanawa, izibuko lokulayisha, kunye nexesha lokuhambisa elifunekayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba umrhwebi waseMelika uthenga iinxalenye zoomatshini ezivela e-China phantsi kwemiqathango ye-FOB, umrhwebi kufuneka alungiselele inkampani yokuthumela ngenqanawa kwaye azise umthengisi waseTshayina malunga negama elithile lenqanawa kunye nexesha lokulayisha.

Umthengi ukwafuneka athenge i-inshurensi yezothutho. Ekubeni ingozi idluliselwa kumthengi emva kokuba iimpahla zilayishiwe, umthengi kufuneka akhethe ipolisi ye-inshorensi efanelekileyo esekelwe kwixabiso lempahla kunye neengozi zokuthutha ezibandakanyekayo, ezifana ne-Free from Special Average (FPA), Nge-Avareji (WA), okanye Zonke Iingozi. Umzekelo, ngexabiso eliphezulu kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo ezonakalisiweyo, umthengi unokukhetha yonke i-inshurensi yoMngcipheko ukufumana inshorensi ebanzi.

Ukwamkelwa kwamaXwebhu kunye neNtlawulo

Umthengi kufuneka amkele amaxwebhu afanelekileyo anikezelwe ngumthengisi, njenge-invoyisi yorhwebo, uluhlu lokupakisha, kunye ne-bill of lading. La maxwebhu ayimfuneko kumthengi ukuba akwazi ukujongana nokukhutshwa kwempahla ephuma kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo. Ngelo xesha, umthengi kufuneka enze intlawulo kumthengisi ngokwendlela ekuvunyelwene ngayo - kwindlela yokuhlawula kwikhontrakthi, njengeleta yekhredithi okanye i-telegraphic transfer.

IV. Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingalunganga zeXesha leFOB

Iingenelo

Kumthengisi, umngcipheko udluliswa kwangoko. Nje ukuba iimpahla zilayishwe enqanaweni, umthengisi unokungaxhalabi kangako ngenkqubo yothutho. Umzekelo, kwimpahla etshabalalayo, umthengisi akanyanzelekanga ukuba akhathazeke ngokugcinwa ngexesha lothutho, njengoko le mingcipheko ithwalwa ikakhulu ngumthengi.

Kumthengi, kukho ukuguquguquka ngakumbi ekukhetheni iindlela zokuhamba kunye ne-inshurensi. Umthengi unokukhetha eyona ndleko - inkampani yokuthumela esebenzayo kunye nepolisi ye-inshurensi esekelwe kwiimfuno zabo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kweendleko.

Iingxaki

Umthengisi unolawulo oluncinci kwinkqubo yokuthutha. Ekubeni umthengi enoxanduva lokuqesha inqanawa, umthengisi usenokungakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zithuthwa phantsi kwezona meko zifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, inkampani yokuthumela ngenqanawa ekhethwe ngumthengi inokuba nenkonzo ekumgangatho ophantsi, ekhokelela kwixesha elongeziweyo lezothutho okanye imingcipheko eyongeziweyo yomonakalo kwimpahla.

Umthengi unolawulo oluncinane kwimpahla phambi kokuba zilayishwe enqanaweni. Ukuba kuvela iingxaki kunye neempahla ngaphambi kokulayisha, njengemiba yekhwalithi engahambelani neemfuno, umthengi akanako ukuzibona kunye nokujongana nazo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Kwimisebenzi yorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha le-FOB kufuna uthethathethwano ngononophelo lwemiqathango yekhontrakthi phakathi komthengi nomthengisi ukuze bacacise amalungelo abo kunye nezibophelelo zabo kunye nokuphepha iingxabano zorhwebo.