Magnetron

Imiterere y'imiterere

Sisitemu ya Cathode na Anode

Ibice by'ingenzi bya magnetron ni cathode na anode. Cathode ubusanzwe ni cathode ishyushye, isohora electron iyo ishyushye. Izi electron zihuta bitewe n'amashanyarazi ari hagati ya cathode na anode maze zigatangira kugenda. Anode ni imiterere igoye ifite imiyoboro myinshi ihuza. Iyi miyoboro ni ahantu heza ho gukora ingufu za microwave, kandi ingano yazo n'imiterere yazo bigira ingaruka ku nshuro n'imbaraga za microwave.

Urugero, muri magnetron isanzwe yo mu rugo ikoreshwa mu ifuru ya mikoroonde, utwobo twa anode resonant twometseho imiterere y’umwuka dukozwe neza kugira ngo dukore umuvuduko wa mikoroonde wa 2450 MHz. Iyi mivuduko ituma molekile zo mu gice cy’inyuma nka molekile z’amazi zitigita ku muvuduko wo hejuru, bityo bigashyushya ibiryo.

Sisitemu y'Umurima wa Magnetic

Imbaraga za rukuruzi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kugira ngo magnetron ikore neza. Imbaraga za rukuruzi zikorwa na rukuruzi zihoraho cyangwa electromagnets. Iyo magnetron ikora, icyerekezo cya rukuruzi kiba giteganye n'icyerekezo cy'isohoka rya electron. Electron zigenda mu buryo buzenguruka bitewe n'imbaraga za rukuruzi, ibyo bigatuma electron n'ibice birekurana, bityo bigatuma ibice birushaho gukora micro-onde.

Urugero, muri magnetrons z’inganda zifite ingufu nyinshi, imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi zishobora kugenzura neza inzira y’ingendo za electron, bigatuma habaho imikoranire myiza hagati ya electron n’ibice by’urukiramende. Ibi bituma habaho microwaves zifite ingufu nyinshi zo gukora imirimo nk’iyo gushyushya no kumisha microwave.

Ihame ry'imikorere

Isohora ry'amashanyarazi rya Electron n'Ingendo y'Itangira

Iyo cathode ishyushye ku bushyuhe runaka, itangira gusohora electron. Izi electron zihuta bitewe n'amashanyarazi ari hagati ya cathode na anode maze zigahita zerekeza kuri anode. Muri icyo gihe, bitewe n'uko imbaraga za rukuruzi zihari, electron zihindurirwa inyuma n'imbaraga za Lorentz mu gihe cyo kugenda kwazo.

Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, tekereza ko electron zagenda mu murongo ugororotse mu murima w'amashanyarazi. Ariko, imbaraga za rukuruzi zikora nk'"umuyobozi," bigatuma inzira ya electron igorama mu ngendo yo kuzenguruka.

Uburyo bwo gukora mikoroonde

Uko electron zigenda hagati y’ibice by’umuvuduko wa anode, zikomeza gukorana n’umuvuduko wa electronmetiki w’ibice by’umuvuduko. Ingufu z’ingendo za electron zijyanwa mu bice by’umuvuduko, bigatuma ingufu za electronmetiki ziri mu bice by’umuvuduko ziyongera buri gihe, amaherezo zigahinduka urujya n’uruza rw’imiyoboro ya microwave rudahindagurika.

Uduce tw’ingufu dukora nk’ “ingufu zo kongera ingufu.” Ingufu z’ingendo za electron zirundanya imbere mu duce. Iyo ibintu bimwe na bimwe byujuje ibisabwa, mikoroonde zikorwa kandi zigasohoka mu mpera y’umusaruro wa magnetron (ubusanzwe ni wo muyoboro w’amazi). Izi mikoroonde zikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Ahantu ho Gusaba

Ibikoresho byo mu rugo – Ifuru za Microwave

Magnetron ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'amatanura ya mikoroonde. Ikora mikoroonde zishobora gushyushya ibiryo vuba. Mikoroonde zikorwa na magnetron muri mikoroonde ubusanzwe zigira umuvuduko wa 2450 MHz. Iyi mivuduko ya mikoroonde ishobora gutuma molekile zo mu kirere nk'amazi n'ibinure mu biribwa binyeganyega ku muvuduko wo hejuru. Ugushwanyagurika hagati ya molekile bitanga ubushyuhe, bityo bigatanga ubushyuhe bwihuse.

Urugero, gushyushya igikombe cy'amata bifata iminota mike gusa, kandi amata ashobora kugera ku bushyuhe bukwiye bwo kunywa. Byongeye kandi, muri rusange amata ya mikoroonde ashyushya ibiryo ku buryo bungana, bitanga uburyo bworoshye kandi bwihuse bwo guhaza ibyo abantu bakeneye buri munsi mu gushyushya ibiryo.

Porogaramu zo mu nganda

Gushyushya no Kumisha muri Microwave: Mu nganda, microwave zikorwa na magnetrons zishobora gukoreshwa mu gushyushya no kumisha ibikoresho bitandukanye. Urugero, mu nganda zitunganya ibiti, kumisha ibiti muri microwave bishobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo kumisha, kunoza umusaruro, no kugabanya kwangirika no gucika kw'ibiti mu gihe cyo kumisha. Ku byuma by'imiti, gushyushya muri microwave bishobora kugera ku ngaruka zihuse kandi zihuye zo kumisha, bikongera ireme ry'ibicuruzwa.

Itumanaho rya Microwave: Mu buryo bwa mbere bwo gutumanaho bwa microwave, magnetrons nazo zagize uruhare. Zashoboraga gukoreshwa nk'isoko ry'ibimenyetso bya microwave, kandi ibimenyetso bya microwave byoherezwaga ku ruhande rwabyo binyuze mu mashusho n'ibindi bikoresho byo kohereza kugira ngo habeho itumanaho rya kure. Ariko, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor n'izindi nzego, ubundi bwoko bw'amasoko ya microwave ubu bukoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho rya microwave.

Sisitemu za Radar

Magnetrons zishobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'isoko rya mikoroonde muri sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zoroshye za radar. Zishobora gukora imiyoboro ya mikoroonde ifite imbaraga nyinshi, isohoka na antene. Iyo iyo miyoboro ihuye n'ibintu bigamije, iragaruka inyuma. Sisitemu yo kwakira radar imenya ibimenyetso bya mikoroonde bigamije kumenya aho ibintu bigamije biherereye, umuvuduko, n'andi makuru.

Urugero, muri zimwe na zimwe za radar ntoya z’ikirere cyangwa sisitemu ngufi za radar, magnetrons zishobora gutanga ingufu zihagije za mikoroonde kugira ngo zigere ku bikorwa byo kumenya intego.