Magnetron

Imiterere

Sisitemu ya Cathode na Anode

Ibyingenzi bigize magnetron ni cathode na anode. Cathode mubisanzwe ni cathode ishyushye, isohora electron iyo zishyushye. Izi electroni zihutishwa numurima wamashanyarazi hagati ya cathode na anode hanyuma ugatangira kugenda. Anode nuburyo bugoye hamwe na cavit nyinshi za resonant. Ibyo byobo nibice byingenzi byokubyara ingufu za microwave, kandi ubunini bwabyo nuburyo bigira ingaruka kumirongo n'imbaraga za microwave.

Kurugero, murugo rusanzwe rwa microwave ifuru magnetron, anode resonant cavites zakozwe neza kugirango zitange microwave yumurongo wa 2450 MHz. Iyi frequence itera molekile ya polar nka molekile zamazi zinyeganyega kumurongo mwinshi, bityo gushyushya ibiryo.

Sisitemu ya sisitemu ya sisitemu

Umwanya wa magneti nikintu cyingenzi kumikorere isanzwe ya magnetron. Umwanya wa magneti ukorwa na magnesi zihoraho cyangwa electronique. Iyo magnetron ikora, icyerekezo cya magnetiki icyerekezo cyerekezo cyerekezo cyuka cya electron. Electron zigenda mukuzunguruka ziyobowe numurima wa magneti, utuma imikoranire hagati ya electron na cavant resonant, bityo bigashimisha imyenge kubyara microwave.

Kurugero, mubikorwa bya magnetrone yingufu nyinshi, umurima ukomeye wa magneti urashobora kugenzura neza inzira yimikorere ya electron, bigatuma habaho imikoranire myiza hagati ya electron na cavant resonant. Ibi bivamo kubyara microwave ifite ingufu nyinshi mubikorwa byinganda nko gushyushya microwave no gukama.

Ihame ry'akazi

Ibyuka bya elegitoronike hamwe nicyerekezo cyambere

Iyo cathode ishyutswe n'ubushyuhe runaka, itangira gusohora electron. Izi electroni zihutishwa numurima wamashanyarazi hagati ya cathode na anode hanyuma ukerekeza kuri anode. Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko hariho umurima wa rukuruzi, electron ziyobowe ningufu za Lorentz mugihe zigenda.

Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, tekereza ko electron zigenda kumurongo ugororotse mumashanyarazi. Nyamara, umurima wa rukuruzi ukora nk '"umuyobozi," bigatuma inzira ya electron igenda ihindagurika.

Inzira ya Microwave

Mugihe electron zigenda hagati ya anode resonant cavites, zihora zikorana numuriro wa electromagnetique yumwobo. Imbaraga zigenda rya electron zimurirwa mu mwobo, bigatuma ingufu za electromagnetique yumurima uri mu mwobo ziyongera ubudahwema, amaherezo zikazunguruka ihindagurika rya microwave.

Imyobo ya resonant ikora nka "imbaraga zongera ingufu." Imbaraga zo kugenda kwa electron zegeranya imbere mu mwobo. Iyo ibintu bimwe byujujwe, microwave irabyara kandi igasohoka kuva kumpera ya magnetron (mubisanzwe ihuza umurongo). Iyi microwave noneho ikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.

Imirima yo gusaba

Ibikoresho byo murugo - Amashyiga ya Microwave

Magnetron nigice cyingenzi cyitanura rya microwave. Itanga microwave ishobora gushyushya ibiryo vuba. Microwave yakozwe na magnetron mu ziko rya microwave mubusanzwe ifite inshuro 2450 MHz. Iyi frequency ya microwave irashobora gutera neza molekile ya polar nkamazi na molekile yibinure mubiribwa kunyeganyega kuri radiyo nyinshi. Ubuvanganzo hagati ya molekile butanga ubushyuhe, bityo bugashyuha vuba.

Kurugero, gushyushya igikombe cyamata bifata iminota mike gusa, kandi amata arashobora kugera kubushyuhe bukwiye bwo kunywa. Byongeye kandi, amashyiga ya microwave muri rusange ashyushya ibiryo ugereranije, bitanga uburyo bworoshye kandi bwihuse bwo guhaza ibyo abantu bakeneye buri munsi byo gushyushya ibiryo.

Inganda

Gushyushya Microwave no Kuma: Mu musaruro w’inganda, microwave ikorwa na magnetron irashobora gukoreshwa mu gushyushya no gukama ibikoresho bitandukanye. Kurugero, muruganda rutunganya inkwi, microwave yumisha ibiti irashobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo kumisha, kunoza imikorere, no kugabanya guhindura no gutema ibiti mugihe cyo kumisha. Kuma ibikoresho fatizo bya chimique, gushyushya microwave birashobora kugera kubintu byumye kandi byumye, bikazamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.

Itumanaho rya Microwave: Muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho ya microwave kare, magnetron nayo yagize uruhare. Bashobora kuba nkibimenyetso bya microwave, kandi ibimenyetso bya microwave byanyujijwe kumpera yakira binyuze mumashanyarazi hamwe nibindi bikoresho byohereza kugirango bagere ku itumanaho rirerire. Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor nizindi nzego, ubundi bwoko bwamasoko ya microwave ubu bukoreshwa cyane mubitumanaho bya microwave.

Sisitemu ya Radar

Magnetrons irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkisoko ya microwave muri sisitemu yoroshye ya radar. Zishobora kubyara imbaraga za microwave pulses, zisohoka na antene. Iyo iyi pulses ihuye nibintu bigenewe, bigaragarira inyuma. Sisitemu yo kwakira radar itahura ibimenyetso bya microwave yerekanwe kugirango umenye umwanya, umuvuduko, nandi makuru yibintu bigenewe.

Kurugero, muri radar zimwe na zimwe ntoya ya radar cyangwa sisitemu ngufi yo kugenzura radar, magnetrons irashobora gutanga imbaraga za microwave ihagije kugirango igere kumikorere yo kumenya intego.