Magnetron

Nhazi ihe owuwu

Cathode na sistemụ anode

Isi ihe dị na magnetron bụ cathode na anode. Cathode na-abụkarị cathode na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-ebunye electrons mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ. Ndị a eletrọn na-accelerated site eletriki ubi n'etiti cathode na anode na-amalite ịkwaga. The anode bụ ihe mgbagwoju anya owuwu nwere otutu resonant cavities. Cavities ndị a bụ akụkụ dị mkpa maka ọgbọ ike microwaves, na nha na ọdịdị ha na-emetụta ugboro na ike nke microwaves.

Ọmụmaatụ, n'ụlọ a na-ahụkarị microwave oven magnetron, ndị anode resonant cavities na-kpọmkwem e mere ka igbanye ngwa ndakwa nri ugboro nke gburugburu 2450 MHz. Ugboro a na-eme ka ụmụ irighiri mmiri pola dị ka mmiri mmiri na-ama jijiji n'ogo dị elu, si otú ahụ kpoo nri.

Sistemụ Igwe Igwe Ọdụdọ

Igwe ndọta bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ nkịtị nke magnetron. A na-emepụta oghere ndọta site na magnet na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ electromagnets. Mgbe magnetron na-arụ ọrụ, ebe ndọta magnetik na-adabere na ntụzịaka nke ikuku elektrọn. Ndị electrons na-agagharị na ntụgharị ntụgharị n'okpuru mmetụta nke oghere magnetik, nke na-eme ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti electrons na oghere ndị na-emegharị anya, si otú ahụ na-akpali oghere ndị ahụ ịmepụta microwaves.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime magnetrons dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, oghere magnetik siri ike nwere ike ịchịkwa trajectory nke mmegharị eletrọn, na-eme ka mmekọrịta dị mma n'etiti electrons na oghere ndị na-agbapụta. Nke a na-arụpụta ọgbọ nke ike microwaves dị elu maka usoro mmepụta ihe dị ka igwe ọkụ ọkụ na ihicha.

Ụkpụrụ ọrụ

Mgbapụta eletrọn na mmegharị mbụ

Mgbe cathode na-ekpo ọkụ na ụfọdụ okpomọkụ, ọ na-amalite ịmịpụta electrons. Ndị a electrons na-accelerated site eletriki ubi n'etiti cathode na anode na-akpali kwupụta anode. N'otu oge ahụ, n'ihi ọnụnọ nke magnetik, ike Lorentz na-atụgharị electrons n'oge mmegharị ha.

Iji ghọta nke a n'ụzọ dị mfe, were ya na eletrọn ga-aga n'ahịrị kwụ ọtọ na mpaghara ọkụ eletrik. Agbanyeghị, oghere ndọta na-arụ ọrụ dị ka “nduzi,” na-eme ka trajectory electrons gbadaa n'ime mmegharị okirikiri.

Usoro Mmepụta Microwave

Ka electrons na-agagharị n'etiti oghere anode resonant, ha na-aga n'ihu na mpaghara electromagnetic nke oghere ndị ahụ. A na-ebufe ike nke mmegharị electrons na oghere, na-eme ka ike ikuku electromagnetic dị n'ime oghere ndị ahụ na-abawanye na-aga n'ihu, na-emecha na-eme ka oscillation microwave kwụsiri ike.

Ọgba ndị ahụ na-adagharị na-eme dị ka “amplifier ike”. Ike nke mmegharị elektrọn na-agbakọba n'ime oghere. Mgbe ọnọdụ ụfọdụ zutere, a na-emepụta microwaves na mmepụta site na njedebe njedebe nke magnetron (na-emekarị njikọ ebili mmiri). A na-eji igwe microwaves ndị a na ngwa dị iche iche.

Mpaghara ngwa

Ngwa ụlọ - Igwe ọkụ ọkụ

Magnetron bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke oven microwave. Ọ na-emepụta microwaves nke nwere ike kpoo nri ngwa ngwa. Igwe microwaves nke magnetron mepụtara na oven microwave na-enwekarị ugboro 2450 MHz. Ugboro igwe microwave a nwere ike ime ka ụmụ irighiri mmiri pola dị ka mmiri na abụba abụba na nri na-ama jijiji n'ogo dị elu. Esemokwu dị n'etiti ụmụ irighiri ihe na-ebute okpomọkụ, si otú ahụ na-enweta ọkụ ngwa ngwa.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ikpo ọkụ otu iko mmiri ara ehi na-ewe naanị nkeji ole na ole, na mmiri ara ehi nwere ike iru okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọzọkwa, oven microwave na-ekpokarị nri n'otu n'otu, na-enye ụzọ dị mma na ngwa ngwa iji gboo mkpa ndị mmadụ kwa ụbọchị maka ikpo ọkụ.

Ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe

Igwe igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na ihicha: Na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, microwaves nke magnetrons na-emepụta nwere ike iji kpoo ma kpoo ihe dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta osisi, ihicha microwave nke osisi nwere ike ibelata oge ihicha nke ọma, meziwanye mmepụta mmepụta, ma belata nrụrụ na mgbawa osisi n'oge usoro ihicha. Maka ihicha ngwa ngwa kemịkalụ, kpo oku ngwa ndakwa nri nwere ike nweta nsonaazụ ihicha ngwa ngwa na otu, na-emeziwanye ogo ngwaahịa.

Nkwukọrịta Microwave: Na sistemu nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, magnetron nwekwara òkè. Ha nwere ike ije ozi dị ka isi mmalite mgbama ngwa ndakwa nri, na akara ngwa ndakwa nri na-ebufe na njedebe nnata site na ntugharị ebili mmiri na ngwaọrụ mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ iji nweta nkwurịta okwu dị anya. Agbanyeghị, site na mmepe nke teknụzụ semiconductor na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, ụdị isi mmalite microwave ndị ọzọ na-ejikarị na nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa.

Sistemụ Radar

Enwere ike iji Magnetrons dị ka isi mmalite microwave na ụfọdụ sistemụ radar dị mfe. Ha nwere ike iwepụta pulses microwave dị elu, nke antennas na-ebupụta. Mgbe pulse ndị a zutere ihe ezubere iche, a na-atụgharịghachi ha azụ. Sistemụ nnata radar na-achọpụta akara ngwa ndakwa nri egosipụtara iji chọpụta ọnọdụ, ọsọ na ozi ndị ọzọ nke ihe ebum n'obi.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ụfọdụ radar ihu igwe pere mpe ma ọ bụ sistemụ radar nleba anya dị mkpụmkpụ, magnetrons nwere ike inye ike microwave zuru oke iji nweta ọrụ nchọpụta ebumnuche.