Magnetron

Cov qauv tsim

Cathode thiab Anode System

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum yog cov cathode thiab anode. Lub cathode feem ntau yog kub cathode, uas emits electrons thaum rhuab. Cov electrons no tau nrawm los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub cathode thiab anode thiab pib txav mus. Lub anode yog ib tug complex qauv nrog ntau resonant kab noj hniav. Cov kab noj hniav no yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb rau kev tsim hluav taws xob microwave, thiab lawv qhov loj thiab cov duab cuam tshuam rau qhov zaus thiab lub zog ntawm microwaves.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau tsev neeg microwave qhov cub magnetron, lub anode resonant kab noj hniav yog precisely tsim los tsim ib tug microwave zaus ntawm ib ncig ntawm 2450 MHz. Qhov zaus no ua rau cov polar molecules xws li cov dej molecules kom vibrate ntawm high zaus, yog li cua sov zaub mov.

Sib Nqus Field System

Cov hlau nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Cov hlau nplaum yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov lossis electromagnets. Thaum lub magnetron ua hauj lwm, lub magnetic teb kev taw qhia yog perpendicular rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm electron emission. Cov electrons txav mus rau hauv ib qho kev sib hloov nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub magnetic teb, uas ua rau muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm electrons thiab cov kab noj hniav resonant, yog li ua rau cov kab noj hniav tsim microwaves.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv industrial high-power magnetrons, ib tug muaj zog magnetic teb yuav precisely tswj lub trajectory ntawm electron motion, kom ntseeg tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm electrons thiab cov resonant kab noj hniav. Qhov no ua rau muaj lub zog loj microwaves rau kev lag luam xws li microwave cua sov thiab ziab.

Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm

Electron Emission thiab Initial Motion

Thaum lub cathode yog rhuab mus rau ib tug tej yam kub, nws pib emit electrons. Cov electrons no tau nrawm los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub cathode thiab anode thiab txav mus rau lub anode. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim muaj qhov sib nqus, cov electrons raug deflected los ntawm Lorentz quab yuam thaum lawv txav.

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov no yooj yim, xav txog tias cov hluav taws xob yuav txav mus rau hauv txoj kab ncaj nraim hauv hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov chaw sib nqus ua raws li "kev taw qhia," ua rau cov electrons 'trajectory khoov mus rau hauv ib qho kev sib tw.

Microwave Generation Txheej txheem

Raws li cov electrons txav ntawm cov kab noj hniav anode resonant, lawv tsis tu ncua cuam tshuam nrog electromagnetic teb ntawm kab noj hniav. Lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob 'kev txav mus rau hauv cov kab noj hniav, ua rau lub zog hluav taws xob hauv cov kab noj hniav kom nce ntxiv, nws thiaj li ua kom ruaj khov microwave oscillation.

Cov kab noj hniav resonant ua zoo li "lub zog amplifier." Lub zog ntawm cov electrons 'kev txav mus los hauv cov kab noj hniav. Thaum qee qhov xwm txheej tau ntsib, microwaves raug tsim tawm thiab tso tawm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov magnetron (feem ntau yog qhov sib txuas ntawm waveguide). Cov microwaves no ces siv ntau yam kev siv.

Daim ntawv thov teb

Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Tsev - Microwave Cub

Cov magnetron yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm microwave ncu. Nws tsim cov microwaves uas tuaj yeem ua cua sov sai sai. Cov microwaves uas tsim los ntawm magnetron nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub microwave feem ntau muaj zaus ntawm 2450 MHz. Qhov zaus ntawm microwaves no tuaj yeem ua rau cov polar molecules xws li dej thiab roj molecules hauv cov zaub mov kom vibrate ntawm cov zaus. Kev sib txhuam ntawm cov molecules ua kom sov, yog li ua tiav cov cua sov sai.

Piv txwv li, cua sov ib khob mis nyuj tsuas yog siv ob peb feeb xwb, thiab cov mis nyuj tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov ntsuas kub kom haum. Ntxiv mus, microwave ncu feem ntau cua sov cov zaub mov kuj sib npaug, muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab ceev kom tau raws li tib neeg cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom noj cua sov.

Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam

Microwave Cua sov thiab ziab: Hauv kev tsim khoom, cov microwaves tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum tuaj yeem siv los ua kom sov thiab qhuav ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, hauv kev lag luam ntoo, microwave ziab ntawm ntoo tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm ziab, txhim kho kev tsim khoom, thiab txo qhov deformation thiab tawg ntawm ntoo thaum lub sij hawm ziab. Rau ziab cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom, microwave cua sov tuaj yeem ua tiav sai thiab zoo li qub, txhim kho cov khoom zoo.

Kev sib txuas lus Microwave: Hauv kev sib txuas lus hauv microwave thaum ntxov, magnetrons kuj ua lub luag haujlwm. Lawv tuaj yeem ua qhov chaw teeb liab microwave, thiab cov teeb liab microwave tau xa mus rau qhov kawg tau txais los ntawm waveguides thiab lwm yam khoom siv sib kis kom ua tiav kev sib txuas lus ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab semiconductor thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, lwm hom microwave qhov chaw tam sim no tau siv ntau dua hauv kev sib txuas lus hauv microwave.

Radar Systems

Magnetrons kuj tseem siv tau los ua qhov chaw microwave hauv qee qhov yooj yim radar systems. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob microwave pulses, uas tawm los ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov. Thaum cov pulses ntsib cov hom phiaj, lawv tau rov qab los. Lub radar txais qhov system kuaj pom cov teeb liab pom hauv microwave los txiav txim qhov chaw, ceev, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hom phiaj cov khoom.

Piv txwv li, hauv qee qhov me me huab cua radar lossis luv-nrhiav radar systems, magnetrons tuaj yeem muab lub zog microwave txaus kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj nrhiav haujlwm.