Ngomhlaka-22 kuNhlolanja 2026, i-United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) eseGeneva ikhiphe uMbiko Wokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yezinto Ezisebenza Ngogesi Nogesi Womhlaba Wonke ka-2024-2025. Lo mbiko ukhombisa ukuthi imakethe yezinsizakusebenza zikagesi nezogesi zomhlaba wonke iqhubeke nokukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emibili edlule. Ngo-2025, usayizi wemakethe yomhlaba wonke udlule amaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingu-3.8, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-8.2%. Izinsizakusebenza zikagesi ezihlakaniphile, izinto zasekhaya eziluhlaza, kanye nezinto zikagesi ezifakwe ezimotweni kuvele njengemikhakha ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Isimo somhlaba wonke semakethe yezinsizakusebenza zikagesi nezogesi sihlelwa kabusha kakhulu, ngobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezidingo ezahlukahlukene ezisebenza njengamandla ayinhloko okuthuthukisa izimboni.
Ngokuphathelene nokusatshalaliswa kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke, i-Asia isalokhu iyinsika eyinhloko yokukhula kwemboni yemishini kagesi neyezinto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke. Ngokusebenzisa izinzuzo eziphelele zochungechunge lwezimboni kanye nezimakethe ezinkulu zesidingo sasekhaya, amazwe afaka phakathi iShayina, iNdiya kanye neNingizimu Korea anikela ngaphezu kwama-60% omkhiqizo womhlaba wonke kanye nangaphezu kwama-50% okufuneka kwemakethe kwemikhiqizo kagesi neyezinto zikagesi. Njengomhlaba wonke, amazwe afaka phakathi iShayina, iNdiya kanye neNingizimu Korea anikela ngaphezu kwama-60% omkhiqizo womhlaba wonke kanye nangaphezu kwama-50% okufuneka kwemakethe kwemikhiqizo kagesi neyezinto zikagesi.'Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu nothumela ngaphandle izinto zikagesi nezikagesi, iShayina ayigcini nje ngokuba ngumhlinzeki omkhulu wezinto zikagesi ezihlakaniphile zasekhaya kanye nezinto zikagesi zabathengi, kodwa futhi iyisikhungo esiyinhloko sokusabalalisa izingxenye zikagesi zomhlaba wonke. Isekela imikhiqizo efana nama-resistor nama-capacitor, amabhodi wesekethe, amabhodi e-power amplifier, kanye Amamojula e-MP3amamojula zithunyelwa emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-200 emhlabeni jikelele, okusekela ukusebenza okuzinzile kochungechunge lwezimboni ze-elekthronikhi neze-elekthronikhi zomhlaba wonke. Iminotho yokukhiqiza ekhulayo njenge-India ne-Vietnam idonsele amabhizinisi e-elekthronikhi nawe-elekthronikhi emhlabeni wonke ukuthi amise izisekelo zokuhlanganisa ngenxa yezinzuzo zezindleko zomsebenzi, kancane kancane iba yisithasiselo esibalulekile embonini yezinsiza zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi zomhlaba wonke.
Izimakethe zaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika zigxila ezidingweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezihlakaniphile nezinobungani nemvelo, okuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa okuphezulu kwemikhiqizo kagesi neyegesi. I-European Union iqhubekile nokusebenzisa amazinga aqinile okusebenzisa kahle amandla kanye nemithethonqubo yezemvelo, ivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi neyegesi engcolisa kakhulu ekufinyeleleni emakethe, futhi yenza izinto zasekhaya ezonga amandla, amadivayisi kagesi angasetshenziswa kabusha kanye nemikhiqizo exhumene kahle esetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe. I-United States igxile ekuhlanganisweni kobuchwepheshe be-AI nemikhiqizo kagesi neye-elekthronikhi, kanye nezinga lokungena kwamadivayisi agqokekayo ahlakaniphile, izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ezifakwe ezimotweni, ama-smart hub asekhaya kanye neminye imikhiqizo ekhuphuka kancane kancane. Imikhiqizo kagesi neye-elekthronikhi ephezulu eqalwe amabhizinisi afana ne-Apple ne-Tesla ihola phambili emakethe yomhlaba wonke. Okwamanje, amabhizinisi aseYurophu naseMelika andise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko, egcina umkhawulo ophambili kuma-chip, isoftware, izinzwa eziphezulu kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi ebusa isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe embonini yemishini kagesi neye-elekthronikhi yomhlaba wonke.
Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obusha kuyaqhubeka nokubumba kabusha isimo semboni yomhlaba wonke yemishini kagesi neyezinto zikagesi. Ukungena okujulile kobuchwepheshe be-AI kwenza imikhiqizo kagesi neyezinto zikagesi ikwazi ukufeza "ubuhlakani obusebenzayo". Ama-air conditioner ahlakaniphile angalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokushisa ngokusho kwabasebenzisi'imikhuba; imishini yokuwasha ehlakaniphile ingahlonza izinhlobo zezindwangu ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ihambisane nezindlela zokuwasha ezihambisanayo; amatheminali ahlakaniphile afakwe ezimotweni asekela ukulawula izwi, usizo lokushayela oluzimele kanye neminye imisebenzi. Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obusha bamandla kuholele ekukhuleni okukhulu embonini kagesi nogesi efakwe ezimotweni, ngesidingo esikhulu semakethe samashaja ezimoto, umsindo wezimoto, izikrini ezihlakaniphile ezingaphakathi kwezimoto kanye neminye imikhiqizo, okwenza kube umshayeli omusha wokukhula embonini yomhlaba wonke yemishini kagesi nogesi. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT) kanye ne-5G kuphule izithiyo zesimo semikhiqizo kagesi nogesi, kwaqaphela ukuxhumana okuhlakaniphile emakhaya, ehhovisi, ezimotweni nakwezinye izimo, futhi kwaqhubekisela phambili imboni yemishini kagesi nogesi yomhlaba wonke enkathini ethi "Ukuxhumana Okuhlakaniphile Kwazo Zonke Izinto".
Indawo yokuncintisana yamabhizinisi kagesi nawogesi omhlaba wonke ifaka "abadlali abaphambili abagxile kanye nentuthuko ehlelekile yamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo". Amabhizinisi ahamba phambili emhlabeni wonke afaka phakathi i-Samsung, i-Haier, i-Midea, i-Apple kanye ne-Sony abusa amasheya amakhulu emakethe yomhlaba wonke yemishini kagesi nogesi ephakathi kuya kwephezulu ngenxa yamandla obuchwepheshe, izinzuzo zomkhiqizo kanye nokwakheka komhlaba wonke. Baphinde bandise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze bahole ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Inani elikhulu lamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo agxile ezigabeni ezikhethekile, agxile ezindleleni ezifana nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, izesekeli ezisekelayo kanye nemishini kagesi eyenziwe ngokwezifiso. Njengengxenye ebalulekile yochungechunge lwezimboni lomhlaba wonke, bakha uhlelo lwezimboni lomhlaba wonke "lwamabhizinisi ahamba phambili aqhuba intuthuko nama-SME ahlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuhlelekile" athembele emikhiqizweni engabizi kakhulu kanye namakhono okwenza ngokwezifiso aguquguqukayo.
Umbiko uveza ukuthi imboni yemishini kagesi neyegesi yomhlaba wonke izoqhubeka nokukhula eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Ukukhululwa kwesidingo ezimakethe ezisafufusa, intuthuko eqhubekayo yokuguqulwa okuluhlaza, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okujulile kobuchwepheshe obusafufusa kuzosebenza njengezinto ezibangela ukukhula kwemboni. Amabhizinisi kagesi nawegesi emhlabeni wonke adinga ukuqinisa ukubambisana kwezobuchwepheshe, athuthukise ukwakheka komhlaba wonke futhi azivumelanise nezidingo zemakethe ezahlukahlukene, abhekane nezinselele ngokubambisana njengokushintshashintsha kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kanye nokungafani okujwayelekile, futhi akhuthaze intuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu yemboni yemishini kagesi neyegesi yomhlaba wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-08-2026
