Imakethe ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi baseNdiya ikhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wamathelevishini kanye nezesekeli zawo. Intuthuko yayo ikhombisa izici nezinselelo zesakhiwo ezihlukile. Ngezansi ukuhlaziywa okuhlanganisa usayizi wemakethe, isimo seketheni lokuhlinzeka, imiphumela yenqubomgomo, okuthandwa ngabathengi, kanye nezitayela zesikhathi esizayo.
I. Usayizi Wemakethe kanye Namathuba Okukhula
Imakethe ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi baseNdiya kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-$90.13 billion ngo-2029, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) esingu-33.44%. Ngenkathi imakethe yezesekeli ze-TV inesisekelo esincane, isidingo se-smartIzesekeli ze-TVikhula kakhulu. Isibonelo, imakethe ye-smart TV stick kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-$30.33 billion ngo-2032, ikhule ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingu-6.1%. Imakethe yokulawula kude okuhlakaniphile, enenani elingu-$153.6 million ngo-2022, kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke ifike ku-$415 million ngo-2030. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe yebhokisi le-set-top izofinyelela ku-$3.4 billion ngo-2033, nge-CAGR engu-1.87%, eqhutshwa kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kanye nokuthandwa kwezinsizakalo ze-OTT.
II. Isimo Sochungechunge Lokuphakelwa: Ukuthembela Okukhulu Ezimpahla Ezingeniswayo, Ukukhiqiza Kwasekhaya Okubuthakathaka
Imboni yethelevishini yaseNdiya ibhekene nenselele enkulu: ukuthembela kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwezingxenye eziyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwama-80% ezingxenye ezibalulekile njengephaneli yokubonisa, ama-driver chip, namabhodi kagesi avela eShayina, kanti amaphaneli e-LCD kuphela abiza ama-60% ezindleko zokukhiqiza ithelevishini. Amandla okukhiqiza asekhaya ezingxenye ezinjalo eNdiya cishe awasekho. Isibonelo,amabhodi omamafuthiamamojula okukhanya kwangemuvaAma-TV ahlanganiswe eNdiya ahlinzekwa kakhulu ngabathengisi baseShayina, kanti ezinye izinkampani zaseNdiya zize zingenise ngisho nezinhlobo zegobolondo ezivela eGuangdong, eShayina. Lokhu kuthembela kwenza uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka lube sengozini yokuphazamiseka. Ngo-2024, isibonelo, i-India yabeka intela yokulwa nokulahla izimpahla (esukela ku-0% kuya ku-75.72%) kumabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe aseShayina (ama-PCB), okwandisa ngqo izindleko zezitshalo zokuhlanganisa zendawo.
Naphezu kokwethulwa kukahulumeni waseNdiya kohlelo lwe-Production-Linked Incentive (PLI), imiphumela isalokhu ilinganiselwe. Isibonelo, ukubambisana kweDixon Technologies ne-HKC yaseShayina ukwakha ifektri ye-LCD module kusalinde ukuvunyelwa nguhulumeni. Uhlelo lwe-ecosystem ye-supply chain yasekhaya yaseNdiya alukavuthwa, kanti izindleko ze-logistics ziphakeme ngo-40% kunaseShayina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokwengezwa kwenani lendawo ekukhiqizweni kwe-elekthronikhi yaseNdiya liyi-10-30% kuphela, futhi imishini ebalulekile njengemishini yokubeka i-SMT isathembele ekungenisweni kwempahla.
III. Abashayeli Benqubomgomo Namasu Omkhiqizo Wamazwe Ngamazwe
Uhulumeni waseNdiya ukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya ngokulungiswa kwentela kanye nohlelo lwe-PLI. Isibonelo, isabelomali sika-2025 sehlise intela yokungenisa izinto ezingxenyeni zephaneli ye-TV yaba ngu-0% ngenkathi kwandiswa intela ezibonisini zephaneli ezisicaba ezisebenzisanayo ukuze kuvikelwe izimboni zasekhaya. Imikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe njenge-Samsung kanye ne-LG iphendule ngendlela ephumelelayo: I-Samsung icabangela ukushintsha ingxenye yokukhiqizwa kwayo kwama-smartphone kanye ne-TV isuka eVietnam iye e-India ukuze isebenzise uxhaso lwe-PLI futhi inciphise izindleko; I-LG yakhe ifektri entsha e-Andhra Pradesh ukuze ikhiqize izingxenye zezimpahla ezimhlophe njenge-air conditioner compressors, yize intuthuko ekutholeni izesekeli ze-TV endaweni isalokhu ihamba kancane.
Kodwa-ke, izikhala zobuchwepheshe kanye nengqalasizinda enganele yokusekela kuvimbela ukusebenza kahle kwenqubomgomo. I-China isivele ikhiqize amaphaneli e-Mini-LED kanye ne-OLED ngobuningi, kuyilapho amabhizinisi aseNdiya ebhekene nobunzima ngisho nokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlanza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-logistics yaseNdiya kwandisa isikhathi sokuthutha izingxenye sibe ngokuphindwe kathathu kune-China, okunciphisa izinzuzo zezindleko.
IV. Izintandokazi Zabathengi kanye Nokuhlukaniswa Kwemakethe
Abathengi baseNdiya babonisa amaphethini esidingo ahlukene:
Ukubusa kwesigaba somnotho: Amadolobha ase-Tier-2, amadolobha ase-Tier-3, kanye nezindawo zasemakhaya akhetha ama-TV ahlanganisiwe ashibhile, athembele ku-I-CKDAma-kit (Aqoshwe Ngokuphelele) ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yaseNdiya ihlanganisa ama-TV isebenzisa izingxenye zaseShayina ezingenisiwe, intengo yemikhiqizo yabo iphansi ngo-15-25% kunemikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukwanda kwesigaba seprimiyamu: Amaqembu aphakathi asedolobheni aphishekela ama-TV e-4K/8K kanye nezesekeli ezihlakaniphile. Idatha yango-2021 ikhombisa ukuthi ama-TV angama-intshi angu-55 abona ukukhula kokuthengisa okusheshayo, lapho abathengi bekhetha kakhulu izengezo ezifana nama-soundbars nama-remote ahlakaniphile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe yemishini yasekhaya ehlakaniphile ikhula ngo-17.6% minyaka yonke, okuqhuba isidingo sama-remote alawulwa yizwi namadivayisi okusakaza.
V. Izinselele kanye Nezindlela Zesikhathi Esizayo
Izithiyo Zochungechunge Lokunikezela: Ukuthembela kwesikhashana ochungechungeni lokunikezela lwaseShayina akugwemeki. Isibonelo, ukungeniswa kwamaphaneli e-LCD aseShayina amabhizinisi aseNdiya kukhuphuke ngo-15% unyaka nonyaka ngo-2025, kuyilapho ukwakhiwa kwefektri yamaphaneli asekhaya kusesesigabeni sokuhlela.
Ingcindezi Yokuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe: Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa bomhlaba wonke buguqukela ku-Micro LED kanye ne-8K, amabhizinisi aseNdiya asengozini yokusala ngemuva ngenxa yokungatshalwa kwezimali okwanele kwe-R&D kanye nezindawo zokugcina amalungelo obunikazi.
Inqubomgomo kanye ne-Ecosystemimpi: Uhulumeni waseNdiya kumele alinganisele ukuvikela izimboni zasekhaya nokuheha utshalomali lwangaphandle. Nakuba uhlelo lwe-PLI luhehe utshalomali ezinkampanini ezifana neFoxconn neWistron, ukuthembela emishinini eyinhloko engenisiwe kusaqhubeka.
Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo: Imakethe yezesekeli zethelevishini yaseNdiya izolandela indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezimbili—ingxenye yomnotho izoqhubeka incike ochungechungeni lokunikezela lwaseShayina, kuyilapho ingxenye ye-premium ingase iphumelele kancane kancane ngokusebenzisana kobuchwepheshe (isb., ukubambisana kwe-Videotex ne-LG ukukhiqiza ama-WebOS TV). Uma i-India ingaqinisa uchungechunge lwayo lokunikezela lwasekhaya phakathi neminyaka emi-5-10 (isb., ukwakha amafektri ephaneli nokukhulisa ithalente le-semiconductor), ingathola isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu ochungechungeni lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izohlala “iyisikhungo sokuhlanganisa” isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-21-2025
