Yintoni iTelegraphic Transfer (T/T)?
Ukudluliselwa kweTelegraphic (T/T), okwaziwa ngokuba kukudluliselwa ngentambo, yindlela yokuhlawula ekhawulezayo nethe ngqo esetyenziswa kakhulu kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ibandakanya umthumeli (ngokuqhelekileyo umngenisi/umthengi) eyalela ibhanki yakhe ukuba idlulisele imali ethile nge-elektroniki kwi-abaxhamli(ngesiqhelo yiakhawunti yebhanki yomthengisi/umthengisi).
Ngokungafaniyo neeleta zetyala (L/C) ezixhomekeke kwiziqinisekiso zebhanki, i-T/T isekelwe ekuzimiseleni komthengi ukuhlawula kunye nokuthembana phakathi kwamaqela orhwebo. Isebenzisa uthungelwano lwanamhlanje lwebhanki (umz., i-SWIFT, i-Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali idluliselwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo ngaphaya kwemida.
Isebenza njani i-T/T kuRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe? (Inkqubo eqhelekileyo enamanyathelo ama-5)
Vumelana ngeMigqaliselo yokuhlawula: Umthengi nomthengisi bayathethana baze baqinisekise i-T/T njengendlela yokuhlawula kwisivumelwano sabo sorhwebo (umz., “i-30% ye-T/T engaphambili, ibhalansi ye-70% ye-T/T ngokuchasene nekopi ye-B/L”).
Qalisa iNtlawulo (ukuba intlawulo kwangaphambili): Ukuba kufuneka intlawulo kwangaphambili, umthengi ungenisa isicelo se-T/T ebhankini yakhe (ibhanki ethumela imali), enika iinkcukacha ezifana negama lebhanki yomthengisi, inombolo yeakhawunti, ikhowudi ye-SWIFT, kunye nesixa sokudluliselwa kwemali. Umthengi ukwahlawula iifizi zenkonzo zebhanki.
IBhanki Iqhuba Udluliselo: Ibhanki ethumela imali iqinisekisa ibhalansi yeakhawunti yomthengi kwaye iqhube isicelo. Ithumela umyalelo wokuhlawula nge-elektroniki kwibhanki yomthengisi (ibhanki efumana inzuzo) ngeenethiwekhi ezikhuselekileyo (umz., i-SWIFT).
IBhanki yoMxhamli ifaka imali kwiAkhawunti: Ibhanki yoMxhamli ifumana umyalelo, iqinisekise iinkcukacha, kwaye ifaka imali ehambelanayo kwiakhawunti yebhanki yomthengisi. Emva koko yazisa umthengisi ukuba imali ifunyenwe.
Intlawulo yokugqibela (ukuba ibhalansi ifanele ukuhlawulwa): Kwiintlawulo zebhalansi (umz., emva kokuba iimpahla zithunyelwe), umthengisi unika umthengi amaxwebhu afunekayo (umz., ikopi yeBill of Lading, i-invoyisi yorhwebo). Umthengi ujonga amaxwebhu aze aqalise intlawulo ye-T/T eseleyo, elandela inkqubo efanayo yokudlulisela nge-elektroniki.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-T/T
| Iingenelo | Iingxaki |
| Ukudluliselwa kwemali ngokukhawuleza (ngesiqhelo kuthatha iintsuku ezi-1-3 zokusebenza, kuxhomekeke kwiindawo zebhanki) | Akukho siqinisekiso sebhanki kumthengisi – ukuba umthengi uyala ukuhlawula emva kokuba iimpahla zithunyelwe, umthengisi unokujongana nemingcipheko yokungahlawuli. |
| Iindleko zentengiselwano eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne-L/C (kusebenza iifizi zenkonzo yebhanki kuphela, akukho zindleko zamaxwebhu anzima). | Ixhomekeke kakhulu ekuthembekeni phakathi kwamaqela - amaqabane amatsha okanye angathembekanga asenokuthandabuza ukuyisebenzisa. |
| Inkqubo elula enamaxwebhu amancinci (akukho mfuneko yokuthobela uxwebhu ngokungqongqo njenge-L/C). | Ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lotshintshiselwano kunokuchaphazela isixa-mali esifunyenweyo ngumxhamli, njengoko imali iguqulwa ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwemali. |
Imigaqo yokuhlawula eqhelekileyo ye-T/T kuRhwebo
I-T/T ekhawulezileyo (100% okanye engaphelelanga): Umthengi uhlawula yonke okanye inxalenye yesixa-mali siphela ngaphambi kokuba umthengisi athumele iimpahla. Oku kulungile kakhulu kumthengisi (umngcipheko ophantsi).
Ibhalansi yeT/T xa ithelekiswa namaxwebhu: Umthengi uhlawula imali eseleyo emva kokufumana nokuqinisekisa iikopi zamaxwebhu okuthumela (umz., ikopi ye-B/L), eqinisekisa ukuba umthengisi uzalisekise izibophelelo zokuthumela.
Intlawulo/Intlawulo Emva Kokufika Kwempahla: Umthengi uhlawula emva kokuhlola impahla xa efika kwizibuko apho iya khona. Oku kulungile kumthengi kodwa kunomngcipheko omkhulu kumthengisi.
Imeko ezisebenzayo
Urhwebo phakathi kwamaqabane athembekileyo exesha elide (apho ukuthembana kunciphisa iingozi zokuhlawula).
Ii-odolo zorhwebo ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi (zingabizi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-L/C kwiintengiselwano ezinexabiso eliphantsi).
Iintengiselwano ezingxamisekileyo (umz., iimpahla ezichaphazela ixesha) apho ukudluliselwa kwemali ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile.
Iintengiselwano apho omabini amaqela akhetha indlela yokuhlawula elula neguquguqukayo kuneenkqubo ezinzima ze-L/C.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-26-2025
