Waa maxay Transfer Telegraph (T/T)?
Wareejinta Telegraph (T/T), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano wareejinta siligga, waa hab lacag-bixineed degdeg ah oo toos ah oo si weyn looga isticmaalo ganacsiga caalamiga ah. Waxay ku lug leedahay xawilaadaha (badanaa soo dajiyaha/iibsadaha) ku amraya bangigooda inay ku wareejiyaan lacag cayiman si elektaroonig ahka faa'iidaystaha(sida caadiga ah dhoofiyaha/iibiyaha) xisaabta bangiga.
Si ka duwan waraaqaha deynta (L/C) ee ku tiirsan dammaanadda bangiga, T/T waxay ku saleysan tahay rabitaanka iibsadaha inuu bixiyo iyo kalsoonida ka dhexeysa dhinacyada ganacsiga. Waxay ka faa'iidaysataa shabakadaha bangiyada casriga ah (tusaale, SWIFT, Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) si loo hubiyo in lacagaha si ammaan ah oo hufan loogu gudbiyo xuduudaha.
Sidee T/T ugu Shaqeeyaa Ganacsiga Caalamiga ah? (Qaabka caadiga ah ee 5-talaabo)
Ku heshiiya Shuruudaha Lacag-bixinta: Iibsadaha iyo iibiyuhu waxay ka wada xaajoodaan oo xaqiijiyaan T/T inay tahay habka lacag bixinta ee qandaraaskooda ganacsi (tusaale, "30% hormaris T/T, 70% dheelitirka T/T oo lid ku ah nuqulka B/L").
Bilaw lacag bixinta (haddii lacag hormaris ah): Haddii lacag hormaris ah loo baahan yahay, iibsaduhu waxa uu u soo gudbinayaa T/T arjiga bangigooda (bangiga xawilaadda), isaga oo bixinaya tafaasiisha sida magaca bangiga iibiyaha, lambarka koontada, koodhka SWIFT, iyo qaddarka wareejinta. Iibsaduhu wuxuu kaloo bixiyaa khidmadaha adeegga bangiga.
Bangigu waxa uu socodsiiyaa wareejinta: Baanka xawilaadu waxa uu xaqiijiyaa hadhaaga akoontiga iibsadaha waxana uu habeeyaa codsiga. Waxay u soo dirtaa tilmaamaha lacag-bixinta elektarooniga ah bangiga iibiyaha (bangiga ka faa'iidaysiga) iyada oo loo marayo shabakado sugan (tusaale, SWIFT).
Bangiga Ka-faa'iidaystaha ah waxa uu Xisaabinayaa Xisaabta: Bangiga ka-faa'iidaystaha ahi waxa uu helayaa tilmaamaha, xaqiijiyaa faahfaahinta, oo waxa uu qaddariyaa qaddarka u dhiganta akoonnada bangiga iibiyaha. Kadib waxay ogeysiinaysaa iibiyaha in lacagihii la helay.
Lacag-bixinta kama dambaysta ah (haddii ay baaqi ku jirto): Lacag-bixinta hadhaaga (tusaale, ka dib marka alaabta la soo raro), iibiyuhu waxa uu siinayaa iibsadaha dukumeentiyada loo baahan yahay (tusaale, koobiga Bill of Lading, qaan-sheeg ganacsi). Iibsaduhu wuxuu hubiyaa dukumeentiyada wuxuuna bilaabayaa bixinta T/T ee soo hartay, isagoo raacaya isla habka wareejinta elektaroonigga ah.
Astaamaha muhiimka ah ee T/T
| Faa'iidooyinka | Khasaaro |
| Lacag wareejin degdeg ah (badanaa 1-3 maalmood oo shaqo, taas oo ku xidhan meelaha bangiyada) | Ma jiro dammaanad bangi oo loogu talagalay iibiyaha - haddii iibsaduhu diido inuu bixiyo ka dib marka alaabta la soo dhoofiyo, iibiyuhu wuxuu la kulmi karaa khataro lacag-bixin la'aan ah. |
| Kharashaadka wax kala iibsiga oo hooseeya marka loo eego L/C (kaliya khidmadaha adeegga bangiga ayaa khuseeya, ma jiraan kharashyo dukumeenti ah oo adag). | Waxay si weyn ugu tiirsan tahay kalsoonida ka dhaxaysa dhinacyada - lammaanayaasha cusub ama aan la aamini karin ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka labalabeeyaan inay isticmaalaan. |
| Nidaam fudud oo leh dukumeenti ugu yar (looma baahna u hoggaansanaan dukumeenti adag sida L/C). | Isbeddelka heerka sarrifka ayaa saameyn kara qaddarka dhabta ah ee uu helay ka faa'iidaystaha, maadaama lacagaha la beddelo inta lagu jiro wareejinta. |
Shuruudaha Lacag-bixinta T/T ee caadiga ah ee Ganacsiga
Hormarinta T/T (100% ama qayb): Iibsaduhu waxa uu bixinayaa dhammaan ama qayb ka mid ah wadarta guud ka hor inta aanu iibiyuhu alaabaha u rarin. Tani waxay aad ugu roon tahay iibiyaha (khatarta hoose).
Balance T/T Against Documents: Iibsaduhu waxa uu bixinayaa inta hadhay ka dib marka uu helo oo xaqiijiyo koobiyada dukumeentiyada rarida (tusaale, nuqul B/L), isaga oo hubinaya in iibiyuhu uu gutay waajibaadkii rarida.
T/T Kadib Imaanshaha Alaabta: Iibsaduhu waxa uu bixinayaa ka dib marka uu eego badeecada marka uu yimaado dekada uu u socdo. Tani waxay aad ugu roon tahay iibsadaha laakiin waxay khatar sare u haysaa iibiyaha.
Dhacdooyinka lagu dabaqi karo
Ganacsiga ka dhexeeya lammaane mustaqbalka fog ah, la aamini karo (halkaas oo kalsoonida labada dhinac ay yarayso khataraha lacag bixinta).
Amarka ganacsiga yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah (qiimaha waxtarka leh marka loo eego L/C ee macaamilka qiimaha hoose).
Wax kala iibsiga degdega ah (tusaale, alaabta wakhtiga xasaasiga ah) halkaasoo lacag wareejin degdeg ahi ay muhiim tahay.
Wax kala iibsiga labada dhinacba waxay door bidaan hab lacag-bixineed fudud oo dabacsan marka loo eego hababka L/C ee adag.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-26-2025
