Kwimura Telegraphiki Niki (T / T)?
Itumanaho rya Terefone (T / T), rizwi kandi nko guhererekanya insinga, ni uburyo bwihuse kandi butaziguye bwo kwishyura bukoreshwa cyane mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Harimo kohereza amafaranga (mubisanzwe abatumiza / abaguzi) bategeka banki yabo kohereza amafaranga yagenwe kuri elegitoronike kuriabagenerwabikorwa(mubisanzwe abohereza / ugurisha) konte ya banki.
Bitandukanye n'inzandiko z'inguzanyo (L / C) zishingiye ku ngwate za banki, T / T ishingiye ku bushake bw'umuguzi bwo kwishyura no kwizerana hagati y'abacuruzi. Ikoresha imiyoboro ya banki igezweho (urugero, SWIFT, Sosiyete ishinzwe itumanaho ry’imari ku isi yose) kugira ngo amafaranga yimurwe neza kandi neza ku mipaka.
Nigute T / T ikora mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga? (Ibisanzwe Intambwe 5)
Emeranya nuburyo bwo kwishyura: Umuguzi nugurisha baraganira kandi bakemeza T / T nkuburyo bwo kwishyura mumasezerano yubucuruzi bwabo (urugero, “30% avance T / T, 70% asigaye T / T ugereranije na kopi ya B / L”).
Tangira Kwishura (niba mbere yo kwishyura): Niba hakenewe kwishyurwa mbere, umuguzi atanga T / T gusaba banki yabo (kohereza banki), atanga ibisobanuro nkizina rya banki yugurisha, nimero ya konti, kode ya SWIFT, namafaranga yoherejwe. Umuguzi yishyura kandi serivisi ya banki.
Banki itunganya ihererekanyabubasha: Banki yohereza igenzura konte yumuguzi kandi igatunganya icyifuzo. Yohereza amabwiriza yo kwishyura kuri elegitoronike kuri banki yugurisha (banki yunguka) binyuze mumiyoboro itekanye (urugero, SWIFT).
Banki y'Abagenerwabikorwa Yahaye Konti: Banki y'abagenerwabikorwa yakira amabwiriza, igenzura ibisobanuro birambuye, kandi igatanga amafaranga ahwanye na konti ya banki y'umugurisha. Hanyuma iramenyesha umugurisha ko amafaranga yakiriwe.
Ubwishyu bwa nyuma (niba hasigaye amafaranga asigaye): Kubyishyu bisigaye (urugero, ibicuruzwa bimaze koherezwa), umugurisha aha umuguzi ibyangombwa bisabwa (urugero, kopi ya Bill of Lading, fagitire yubucuruzi). Umuguzi agenzura ibyangombwa agatangira kwishyura T / T asigaye, akurikije inzira imwe yo kohereza ibikoresho.
Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya T / T.
| Ibyiza | Ibibi |
| Kohereza amafaranga byihuse (mubisanzwe iminsi 1-3 yakazi, bitewe na banki) | Nta garanti ya banki igurisha - iyo umuguzi yanze kwishyura ibicuruzwa byoherejwe, umugurisha ashobora guhura n'ingaruka zo kutishyura. |
| Amafaranga yo gucuruza make ugereranije na L / C (gusa amafaranga ya serivisi ya banki arakoreshwa, ntamafaranga yinyandiko igoye). | Yishingikiriza cyane ku kwizerana hagati y’amashyaka - abafatanyabikorwa bashya cyangwa batizewe barashobora gutinya kuyikoresha. |
| Inzira yoroshye hamwe ninyandiko ntoya (nta mpamvu yo kubahiriza inyandiko zikomeye nka L / C). | Ihindagurika ry’ivunjisha rishobora kugira ingaruka ku mubare nyawo wakiriwe n’uwagenerwabikorwa, kuko amafaranga ahindurwa mu gihe cyo kohereza. |
Amasezerano rusange yo kwishyura muri T / T mubucuruzi
Avance T / T (100% cyangwa Igice): Umuguzi yishyura byose cyangwa igice cyamafaranga yose mbere yuko umugurisha yohereza ibicuruzwa. Ibi nibyiza cyane kubagurisha (risque nke).
Kuringaniza T / T Kurwanya Inyandiko: Umuguzi yishyura amafaranga asigaye nyuma yo kwakira no kugenzura kopi yinyandiko zoherejwe (urugero, kopi ya B / L), kwemeza ko ugurisha yujuje inshingano zo kohereza.
T / T Nyuma yo Kugera Ibicuruzwa: Umuguzi arishyura nyuma yo kugenzura ibicuruzwa ageze ku cyambu. Ibi nibyiza kubaguzi ariko bitwara ibyago byinshi kubagurisha.
Ikoreshwa
Ubucuruzi hagati yigihe kirekire, abafatanyabikorwa bizewe (aho kwizerana bigabanya ingaruka zo kwishyura).
Ibicuruzwa bito n'ibiciriritse byubucuruzi (bikoresha igiciro ugereranije na L / C kubicuruzwa bifite agaciro gake).
Ibikorwa byihutirwa (urugero, ibicuruzwa byumva igihe) aho kohereza amafaranga byihuse.
Gucuruza aho impande zombi zihitamo uburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyura kuruta uburyo bwa L / C.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-26-2025
