UThutho loLwandle
Uthutho lwaselwandle yenye yeendlela zothutho eziqhelekileyo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Iqhayisa ngeenzuzo zomthamo omkhulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi, okwenza ukuba ilungele ukuthuthwa kwezinto ezininzi kunye nezinto eziluhlaza. Ixesha lothutho lothutho elwandle lide noko, kodwa lizinzile kwaye alichatshazelwa kangako yimiba yendalo efana nemozulu. Kwimpahla engeloxesha-ebuthathaka, imithwalo yaselwandle lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga ne-30 - 40 iintsuku zokuthutha ulwandle ukusuka e-China ukuya eYurophu. Ngexesha lenkqubo yothutho elwandle, iimpahla zihlala zilayishwa kwizikhongozeli, ezinokuthi zidluliselwe phakathi kwamazibuko ahlukeneyo, iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwezothutho kunye nokhuseleko.
Ubalo lweendleko zothutho lolwandle luntsonkothile xa luthelekiswa, ikakhulu lubandakanya uthutho lwaselwandle, iintlawulo zezibuko, kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-bunker, njl njl. Umthwalo wolwandle ubalwa ngokusekelwe kumthamo kunye nobunzima bempahla, ngelixa iintlawulo zezibuko zihambelana nokulayishwa nokukhulula izibuko zempahla. Ukongeza, i-bunker adjustment factor iya kulungelelaniswa ngokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso eoli kumazwe ngamazwe. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwempahla ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwempahla elwandle, i-inshurensi yaselwandle idla ngokuthengwa ukujongana nemingcipheko enokubakho efana nomonakalo wempahla kunye nelahleko.
Uloyiko lomoya
Uthutho lomoya yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yothutho kurhwebo lwangaphandle. Inokuthutha iimpahla ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye ngexesha elifutshane, ukunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokuhamba. Ngexabiso eliphezulu kunye nexesha - iimpahla ezibuthathaka, ezifana neemveliso ze-elektroniki, iintyatyambo, imveliso entsha, njl., imithwalo yomoya lukhetho olubalulekileyo. Umzekelo, kuthatha kuphela i-1 - 3 iintsuku zokuthutha ngenqwelomoya ukusuka e-China ukuya e-United States.
Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zokuthutha umoya ziphezulu kakhulu, ngenxa yeendleko zokuthutha eziphezulu kunye nokupakishwa okungqongqo kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lwempahla. Iindleko zokuthutha umoya zibalwa ikakhulu ngokusekelwe kubunzima bomthamo wempahla. Ubunzima be-volumetric bubalwa ngokuhlula umthamo weempahla ngokuguqulwa okuthile. Ukongeza, ukuthuthwa kweenqwelomoya kufuneka kuhambelane nemigaqo engqongqo yokhuseleko lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya, njengokuthintelwa kokuthutha iimpahla eziyingozi. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthutha umoya, ukulandelela kunye nokubuza kwempahla kulula. Indawo kunye nesimo sokuthuthwa kwempahla sinokuqondwa ngexesha lokwenyani-ngexesha ngenkqubo yenqwelomoya.
UThutho lweeModeli ezininzi
Ukongeza kuthutho lwaselwandle kunye nothutho lomoya, uthutho lwemultimodal lukwayindlela eqhelekileyo yothutho kurhwebo lwangaphandle. Idibanisa iingenelo zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho, ezinjengokudibanisa ulwandle, umhlaba kunye nothutho lomoya ukufezekisa ukuthutha okusebenzayo kunye noqoqosho. Umzekelo, iimpahla zinokuthuthwa ukusuka kwizixeko ezingaphakathi ukuya kumazibuko ngezothutho zomhlaba, emva koko zihanjiswe kumazibuko angaphandle ngolwandle, kwaye ekugqibeleni zisiwe kubathengi ngokukhawuleza ngenqwelomoya. Le ndlela yokuthutha inokudibaniswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweempawu zempahla kunye neemfuno zabathengi ukufezekisa umphumo wokuthutha.
Ukudluliselwa kunye nokudityaniswa kweempahla zikhonkco eziphambili kuthutho lwe-multimodal. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zinokugqithiselwa kakuhle phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho, ukuphepha ukulibaziseka kunye nomonakalo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukubalwa kweendleko zothutho lwe-multimodal nako kunzima. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo iindleko zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho kunye neendleko kwinkqubo yokudluliselwa. Ngokucwangciswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa, ukuthuthwa kwe-multimodal kunokubonelela ngamashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nesisombululo sothutho esisebenzayo nesiguquguqukayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-28-2025
